tailieunhanh - Clementes Anatomy Dissector 2

3/9/10 1:22 PM Page 209 AptaraDISSECTION20The Gluteal Region, , and Popliteal Study the surface anatomy of the buttocks thigh and learn their Dissect the muscles of the posterior thigh, actions, and follow the course of the Dissect the gluteal muscles and learn their the hip joint, and identify the gluteal vessels , including the sciatic Dissect the popliteal fossa and learn of the popliteal vessels and . Surface Anatomy; Skin Incisions;.Cutaneous InnervationATLAS KEY:.Clemente Atlas, 6th Edition = Atlas Plate #.Grant’s Atlas, 12th Edition = Grant’s Page #.Netter’s Atlas, 4th Edition = Netter’s Plate #.Rohen Atlas, 7th Edition = Rohen Page #The gluteal region and posterior thigh contain act at the hip and knee joints. Also found in region are the gluteal vessels and nerves. vessels and nerve pass from the pelvis gluteal region and then into the perineum. The nerve and posterior femoral cutaneous emerge from the pelvis and descend through region and thigh. The sciatic nerve divides and common fibular branches, and they innervation to all the muscles of the leg and footGrant’s 383, ’s 494,.495, 226,.454, 455A. Surface Anatomy. The gluteal region soft tissues of the buttocks and extends crest of the ilium superiorly to the (or crease) inferiorly (ATLAS #, 415 #). Laterally, the bony landmarks of the gluteal region are the anterior spine superiorly and the greater trochanter femur inferiorly. The gluteal region is by a deep groove, the natal cleft, between the two buttocks. In of the cleft is found the posterior the sacrum, while inferiorly is the coccyx, this the perineumBelow the gluteal sulcus extends the . More inferiorly is the space behind the , called the popliteal fossa (ATLAS 3/9/10 1:22 PM Page 210 Aptara210DISSECTION 20415 #, 442). The posterior thigh region hamstring muscles and the large sciatic nerveWith the body in the prone position (face down),.elevate the buttocks and place a wooden block anterior surface of the pelvis. Study the of the pelvis and the femur in an and palpate or trace the following structures:.1. The crest of the ilium, which forms border of the gluteal region ( 325 #, 432). Note that a between the highest points on the crests (intertubercular line) crosses lumbar vertebra (ATLAS PLATE 325.#).Borders ’s 381, ’s 486, 435– 20-1 Surface projection of sciatic nerve in region and upper thigh, posterior . The anterior superior iliac spine, by iliac crest forward to its anterior extremity.(ATLAS PLATES 325 #, 410)3. The posterior superior iliac spine ( 328 #, 373). This is , deep to a dimple in the skin 5 the avoids injury to the sciatic nerve in the and the gluteal vessels and nerves in medial quadrant (ATLAS PLATE 435).4. The gluteus maximus muscle and its overlying fat that form the contour of the . Note that the curved gluteal the gluteal region from the inferiorly (ATLAS PLATES 409.#, 415 #)5. The ischial tuberosity, a large, rounded located on the inferior aspect pelvis. It can be felt on the cadaver you