tailieunhanh - Analysis of interactions of nitric oxide and polyamine under cadmium stress in wheat

Wheat cultivars chosen for their cadmium (Cd) tolerance (Sönmez-2001) and sensitivity (Quality) were grown in Hoagland solution for 20 days and then they were treated with 100 µM 2-(4-carboxyphenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethylylimidazoline-1-oxyl (cPTIO), a nitric oxide (NO) scavenger, or with 100 µM sodium nitroprusside (SNP), a NO donor, with and without 9 mM Cd. NO, free polyamines and Cd levels were analysed by using leaf and root samples taken 24 and 72 h after treatment. | Turkish Journal of Botany Turk J Bot (2015) 39: 778-785 © TÜBİTAK doi: Research Article Analysis of interactions of nitric oxide and polyamine under cadmium stress in wheat 1, 2 Fatma MUTLU *, Füsun YÜREKLİ Department of Science Teaching, Faculty of Education, İnönü University, Malatya, Turkey 2 Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, İnönü University, Malatya, Turkey 1 Received: Accepted/Published Online: Printed: Abstract: Wheat cultivars chosen for their cadmium (Cd) tolerance (Sönmez-2001) and sensitivity (Quality) were grown in Hoagland solution for 20 days and then they were treated with 100 µM 2-(4-carboxyphenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethylylimidazoline-1-oxyl (cPTIO), a nitric oxide (NO) scavenger, or with 100 µM sodium nitroprusside (SNP), a NO donor, with and without 9 mM Cd. NO, free polyamines, and Cd levels were analysed by using leaf and root samples taken 24 and 72 h after treatment. There was a significant increase in NO level in the Cd+SNP treatment in cv. Quality cultivars at 24 and 72 h. The NO level recorded in cv. Quality was higher in the Cd and Cd+SNP treatments at 24 h and in the SNP and Cd+SNP treatments at 72 h compared to cv. Sönmez-2001. Spermidine (Spd) had the highest amount of amine. In almost all treatments, the sensitive cultivar Quality included higher contents of Spd, putrescine, and spermine compared to cv. Sönmez-2001. Quality presented higher levels of Cd accumulation in root and leaf tissues in all treatments compared to Sönmez-2001. Key words: Triticum aestivum, cadmium, nitric oxide, polyamine, SNP, cPTIO 1. Introduction Cadmium (Cd), which is a highly toxic trace element, enters the environment mainly from industrial processes and phosphate fertilisers. It reaches high levels in agricultural soils and is easily assimilated by plants. Taken up excessively by plants, Cd induces various visible symptoms of phytotoxicity, such as .