tailieunhanh - Lecture Network Certification: Chapter 9 - Microsoft Press

Chapter 9 - TCP/IP routing. Chapter summary: DHCP assigns IP addresses by using automatic, manual, or dynamic allocation; DNS resolves host and domain names into IP addresses; WINS resolves NetBIOS names into IP addresses; ping tests whether one computer running TCP/IP can communicate with another computer on the network;.and other contents. | Chapter Overview TCP/IP Services TCP/IP Utilities Automated TCP/IP Configuration Solutions Reverse Address Resolution Protocol (RARP) Bootstrap Protocol (BOOTP) Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) RARP Uses the same message format as Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) Designed for diskless workstations Supplies an Internet Protocol (IP) address only No longer used RARP Communications BOOTP Supplies an IP address and other Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) parameters Can supply an executable boot file using Trivial File Transfer Protocol (TFTP) Requires you to manually configure parameters for each client Cannot allocate IP addresses automatically Cannot prevent IP address duplication DHCP Addresses the shortcomings of RARP and BOOTP Dynamically allocates IP addresses from a pool Reclaims unused addresses Prevents IP address duplication Supplies all TCP/IP parameters DHCP Components Client Server Protocol DHCP Address Allocation | Chapter Overview TCP/IP Services TCP/IP Utilities Automated TCP/IP Configuration Solutions Reverse Address Resolution Protocol (RARP) Bootstrap Protocol (BOOTP) Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) RARP Uses the same message format as Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) Designed for diskless workstations Supplies an Internet Protocol (IP) address only No longer used RARP Communications BOOTP Supplies an IP address and other Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) parameters Can supply an executable boot file using Trivial File Transfer Protocol (TFTP) Requires you to manually configure parameters for each client Cannot allocate IP addresses automatically Cannot prevent IP address duplication DHCP Addresses the shortcomings of RARP and BOOTP Dynamically allocates IP addresses from a pool Reclaims unused addresses Prevents IP address duplication Supplies all TCP/IP parameters DHCP Components Client Server Protocol DHCP Address Allocation Types Manual allocation Automatic allocation Dynamic allocation Manual Allocation The administrator assigns a permanent IP address to the client. Manual allocation is used for computers that require permanent IP address assignments. Automatic Allocation The DHCP server assigns the client a permanent IP address chosen from a pool. Automatic allocation is used on networks where computers are rarely moved to other subnets. This minimizes DHCP traffic. Dynamic Allocation The DHCP server leases to the client an IP address chosen from a pool. The client must periodically renew the lease address. Unrenewed lease addresses are returned to the pool. Dynamic allocation allows you to add, remove, and relocate computers. The DHCP Message Format The DHCP Options Field Format DHCP Message Types 1—DHCPDISCOVER 2—DHCPOFFER 3—DHCPREQUEST 4—DHCPDECLINE 5—DHCPACK 6—DHCPNAK 7—DHCPRELEASE 8—DHCPINFORM The DHCP Address Assignment Process The IP Address Leasing Process The .