tailieunhanh - Lesson: Special nuclear detectors and measuring techniques

The syllabus includes: Cherenkov detector,X-ray neutron detector, nuclear measurement lecture 6 Dr. Imre Szalóki, BME NTI 2, solid state nuclear detectors, detects heat detection rattan chamber, diffusion chamber, foam chamber,. invite you to consult the documentation | HUVINETT 2012 Outline of the lecture Special nuclear detectors and measuring techniques Cherenkov-detectors Radiography Nuclear measuring methods Neutron detectors Lecture 6 Solid-state nuclear track detector Dr. Imre Szalóki Thermo luminescent detector associate professor Head of Department of Nuclear Energetics Cloud chamber, diffusion chamber, bubble chamber Budapest University of Technology and Economics Institute of Nuclear Techniques (BME NTI) Nuclear measuring methods Lecture 6 1 Dr. Imre Szalóki, BME NTI Cherenkov-detector Nuclear measuring methods Lecture 6 Dr. Imre Szalóki, BME NTI 2 First solar neutrino experiment (1967) R. Davis 2002 Nobel Prize Phenomena: very fast charged particles in medium Charged particle in dielectric medium radiation source along the path excites dipoles Anisotropic distribution of RM radiation Measurement of velocity, energy v>c relaxation Homestake experiment (USA) light 615 tons of perchloroethylene (C2Cl4) c* cos(ϕ ) = v * c = speed of light in medium υ e + 37 Cl → e − + 37 Ar T1 2 = 35 d Nuclear reactor: electrons from beta decay, gamma photons v ϕ Nuclear measuring methods Lecture 6 Dr. Imre Szalóki, BME NTI 3 Nuclear measuring methods Lecture 6 Dr. Imre Szalóki, BME NTI 4 Cherenkov-detectors Kamiokande observatory (JP) CERN: LHCb RICH-1 (Ring Image CHerenkov) Determination of the angle the velocity of particles Observation neutrinos calculation of Cserenkov detectors υe + n → e + p Kamiokande (Japan) Detection of neutrinos. t water, PMT 11460 Neutrino + proton, neutron muon or electron Sudbury Neutrino Observatory=SNO (Kanada) − 1000 t D2O Nuclear measuring methods Lecture 6 5 Dr. Imre Szalóki, BME NTI Photo emulsion: silver-bromide grains in gelatin ⇒ I (E , x, y, z ) = I 0 (E , x, y )e − µ ( E , x , y ) z hυ + Br − ⇒ Br + e − d ≈ 1-10 µm, thickness ≈ 10-20 µm Absorption of gamma-, or X-ray in medium Ag + + e − ⇒ Ag Gamma or X radiation chemical .