tailieunhanh - Nghiên cứu khả năng chịu mặn của một số nguồn gen lúa lưu giữ tại ngân hàng gen cây trồng quốc gia

Nội dung chính của bài viết là nghiên cứu cơ bản về đặc tính chịu mặn của lúa sẽ cung cấp thông tin khoa học rất hữu ích cho canh tác và chọn tạo giống lúa chịu mặn, đây cũng là vấn đề cần được tăng cường nghiên cứu ở Việt Nam trong giai đoạn hiện nay. | NGHIÊN CỨU KHẢ NĂNG CHỊU MẶN CỦA MỘT SỐ NGUỒN GEN LÚA LƯU GIỮ TẠI NGÂN HÀNG GEN CÂY TRỒNG QUỐC GIA Tăng Thị Hạnh, Dương Thị Hồng Mai, Trần Văn Luyện, Phạm Văn Cường, Lê Khả Tường, Phan Thị Nga Summary: The salinity tolerance of rice varieties maintained in the national crop gene bank With the objective of analyzing the performance of rice physiological characteristics in relation to salinity tolerance, experiment was conducted with five rice resouras. The varieties are Nước mặn dạng 1 (G1), Lúa chăm (G2), Cườm dạng 1 (G3), Chiêm rong (G4), Lúa chăm biển (G5). The controls in this trial are: IR28 (salinity sensitive- controll 1) and A69-1 (salinity tolerant-controll 2). The experiment was laid out on random complete block design with four replications. Chemical used was the mixed solution Kimura B (Nakamura and Associates, 2002). Data showed that, photosynthesis intensity and photosynthesis related indicators such as Gs, Ci, transpiration intensity, SPAD, Fv/Fm, Chlorophyl content of rice varieties were influenced by salinity. The impact of salinity on Gs, Ci, transpiration intensity was stronger than that on SPAD and on Fv/Fm. Chlorophyll content in rice leaves was also influenced by salinity. Particularly, Chlorophyll content was reduced while salt concentrations increased. Salinity also affects a number of morphological characteristics of rice varieties such as slows down tillering, slows down leaves emergence and results to slower plant growth. Salinity also affects the accumulation of dry matter. When increasing the concentrations of salt treatment, dry matter accumulation was reduced. The results showed that, two varieties Cườm dạng 1 and Chiêm rong have the highest dry matter accumulated, which potentially leads to high yield. It is initially suggested that, these two varieties possess stronger salinity tolerance than the other varieties. Keywords: salinity, tolerance, sensitive, photosynthesis intensity, chlorophyll content, dry matter I. Đặt vấn đề Đất .