tailieunhanh - Lecture Operating system concepts - Chapter 2: Computer-system structures

Chapter 2 discusses the general structure of computer systems. It may be a good idea to review the basic concepts of machine organization and assembly language programming. The students should be comfortable with the concepts of memory, CPU, registers, I/O, interrupts, instructions, and the instruction execution cycle. Since the operating system is the interface between the hardware and user programs, a good understanding of operating systems requires an understanding of both hardware and programs. | Chapter 2: Computer-System Structures I Computer System Operation I I/O Structure I Storage Structure I Storage Hierarchy I Hardware Protection I General System Architecture Operating System Concepts Silberschatz, Galvin and Gagne 2002 Computer-System Architecture Operating System Concepts Silberschatz, Galvin and Gagne 2002 Computer-System Operation I I/O devices and the CPU can execute concurrently. I Each device controller is in charge of a particular device I I I I type. Each device controller has a local buffer. CPU moves data from/to main memory to/from local buffers I/O is from the device to local buffer of controller. Device controller informs CPU that it has finished its operation by causing an interrupt. Operating System Concepts Silberschatz, Galvin and Gagne 2002 Common Functions of Interrupts I Interrupt transfers control to the interrupt service routine I I I I generally, through the interrupt vector, which contains the addresses of all the service routines. Interrupt architecture must save the address of the interrupted instruction. Incoming interrupts are disabled while another interrupt is being processed to prevent a lost interrupt. A trap is a software-generated interrupt caused either by an error or a user request. An operating system is interrupt driven. Operating System Concepts Silberschatz, Galvin and Gagne 2002 Interrupt Handling I The operating system preserves the state of the CPU by storing registers and the program counter. I Determines which type of interrupt has occurred: ✦ polling ✦ vectored interrupt system I Separate segments of code determine what action should be taken for each type of interrupt Operating System Concepts Silberschatz, Galvin and Gagne 2002 Interrupt Time Line For a Single Process Doing Output Operating System Concepts Silberschatz, Galvin and Gagne 2002 I/O Structure I After I/O starts, control returns to user program only upon I/O completion. ✦

• Hệ điều hành
• Operating system concepts
• Lecture Operating system concepts
• Operating system
• Computer system organization
• Operating system structure
• Hệ điều hành
• Operating system services
• Operating system structures
• Operating system design
• Operating System Debugging
• Operating System Generation
• Types of System Calls
• Computer system structures
• File system interface
• File system implementation
• Computer system architecture
• The Linux system