tailieunhanh - Determinants of income diversification and its effects on household income in rural Vietnam

The results also confirm that income diversification is the dynamic of rural income improvement. Households can increase their income by diversifying their farm and non-farm activities. | 20 | Trần Tiến Khai & Nguyễn Ngọc Danh | 20 - 41 Determinants of Income Diversification and Its Effects on Household Income in Rural Vietnam TRẦN TIẾN KHAI University of Economics HCMC - trankhai565@ NGUYỄN NGỌC DANH University of Economics HCMC - ngocdanh2001@ ARTICLE INFO Article history: Received: Dec. 12 2013 Received in revised form Jan. 24 2014 Accepted: June 30 2014 Keywords: diversification index, Herfindahl-Hirschman index, generalized method of moments, household income ABSTRACT Exploiting data of Vietnam Household Living Standard Survey 2010, the study aims at finding determinants of income diversification at household level in rural Vietnam and evaluating effects of income diversification on household income. The data set covers 6,571 rural households of eight socio-economic regions. Herfindahl-Hirschman index (HHI) is applied to show income diversification at household level. Two-limit tobit model is applied to detect the effects of household features and community characteristics on HHI, and then generalized method of moments (GMM) is employed to test the effects of HHI on household income. The results show that human capital in both quantity and quality terms plays a substantial role in encouraging rural households to diversify their income-generating activities. Rural households with higher education level and higher diversification ability tend to have more diverse income sources. Owning larger sources of physical capital, or better credit accessibility, and social capital also helps rural households improve income diversity. The results also confirm that income diversification is the dynamic of rural income improvement. Households can increase their income by diversifying their farm and non-farm activities. JED July 2014| 21 1. INTRODUCTION Vietnam is on the process of industrialization. By increasing shares of manufacturing and service sectors in the GDP, labor surplus .

• Kinh tế học
• Income diversification
• Household income
• Diversification index
• Herfindahl Hirschman index
• Generalized method of moments
• Estimated income
• Income by households
• Households in the Mekong Delta
• Vietnamese banking system
• Risk and income diversification
• These categories
• Banking risks of these categories
• On farm water harvesting
• Crop diversification
• Doubling farmers income
• Promising intervention towards crop diversification
• Bank efficiency in Vietnam
• Bank efficiency
• Commercial bank
• Rural area
• Household leaders features
• Employment rate
• Human capital
• Household income per capita
• Tạp chí khoa học
• Nghiên cứu chính sách và quản lý
• Bank performance
• Viet Nam Commercial Banks
• Business environment factors
• Bank size
• Joint stock commercial bank
• Bank returns
• Risk adjusted
• Stock market operations
• Labor dependence
• Technical efficiency
• Rural credit
• Small holder coffee farms
• Off farm work
• Rural household
• Critical livelihood strategy
• Mountainous northernmost
• Vietnamese Commercial Banks
• Impact of income diversification
• Health of the banking system
• Thereby provide funding
• Bank liquidity creation
• Summary of Phd thesis
• Summary of Phd thesis Finance – Banking
• Performance of Vietnamese commercial banks
• Financial performance
• Commercial banks
• Non interest income
• Net operating margin
• Islamic commercial banks
• Endogenous switching regression
• Asset diversification
• Herfindahl index
• Eastern India
• Poverty alleviation
• Agricultural development
• Diversification and its determinants
• Alternative income
• Journa science
• International journal of financial research
• Farmland loss
• Informal wage income
• Formal wage income
• Gini decomposition
• Farmers income
• Animal husbandry
• Livestock management
• Animal husbandry by 2022
• Diversification in animal husbandry