tailieunhanh - The effect of agricultural practices on the spatial variability of arbuscular mycorrhiza spores

The main objective of this paper is to assess the spatial variability of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) spore numbers in following two contrasting soil uses. Adjacent plots, one irrigated farmland and the other dry farmland, were marked on a transect (300 m long), with 10-m spacing. | Turk J Biol 29 (2005) 149-153 © TÜB‹TAK The Effect of Agricultural Practices on the Spatial Variability of Arbuscular Mycorrhiza Spores Ali Akbar Safari SINEGANI, Ali Akbar MAHBOOBI, Farzad NAZARIZADEH Faculty of Agriculture, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamadan - IRAN Received: Abstract: The main objective of this paper is to assess the spatial variability of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) spore numbers in following two contrasting soil uses. Adjacent plots, one irrigated farmland and the other dry farmland, were marked on a transect (300 m long), with 10-m spacing. Soil samples were collected at 0–30 and 30–60 cm depth and were then analyzed for AM spore numbers and some other soil properties. The analytical results were submitted to different kinds of analysis: classical statistical and geostatistical analysis which showed that coefficient of variations (CV’s) and standard deviations for spore numbers in both farmlands were considerably low. Variations of spore numbers in irrigated farmland was lower than those in dry farmland. The soils of irrigated farmland was found to be much more homogeneous than the adjacent dry farmland soil. The results showed that in both farmland, CV’s of spores numbers in topsoil horizon were lower than those of subsoil horizon. The pattern of spatial variability of this soil property was found to be different for the two lands. Spore numbers of AM fungi in topsoil and subsoil of irrigated farmland exhibited spatial dependence at the sampled scale and their experimental semivariograms were adjusted to a spherical and linear model respectively. However these data for dry farmland did not exhibit spatial dependence. Key Words: Spatial variability, AM spore numbers, irrigated and dry farmlands Introduction Spatial variability in soils occurs naturally from pedogenetic factors. In addition, much variability can occur as a result of land use and management. As a consequence, soils can exhibit marked spatial variability at the macro-

• Sinh học
• Spatial variability
• AM spore numbers
• Irrigated and dry farmlands
• Arbuscular mycorrhizal
• Obligate symbionts
• Overview of spatial variability
• Soil microbiological properties
• Soil quality and productivity
• Soil ecosystem perturbations
• Characterizing temporal and spatial variability of meteorological drought
• Drought characteristics
• Meteorological drought
• Hanoi City
• Materials and methods
• Nutrient index
• Macro and micro nutrients
• Anaimalai block
• Assessment of spatial variability
• Soil nutrient status
• Standard penetration test
• Cohesive soil
• Variance reduction factor
• The scale of fluctuation
• Bearing capacity of pile
• Quality of land levelling
• Levelling index
• Soil moisture
• Soil moisture variability in safflower fields
• Soil fertility
• Site specific nutrient management
• GIS techniques
• Available nutrient status
• Vegetable grown soils
• Thematic maps
• Productive index
• Geo informatics technology
• Groundwater quality
• Electrical conductivity
• Geographical information system
• Groundwater quality in pundri block
• Soil chemical properties
• Spatial variabililty
• Kriged maps
• Sitespecific nutrient management
• Spatial variabilit
• Aleatoric uncertainty
• Random field
• Deep drift
• Viscoplastic behavior
• Kriging based reliability analysis
• Rainfall intensity
• Rain gauge
• Rainfall variability
• Sub watershed
• Temporal rainfall variability of sub watershed
• Total porosity
• Aggregates stability
• Geo statistical tools
• Soil physical properties
• BMC Plant Biology
• Stevia rebaudiana
• Secondary metabolite
• Crop ecology
• Plant nutrition
• Báo cáo lâm nghiệp hay
• cách trình bày báo cáo
• báo cáo lâm nghiệp
• công trình nghiên cứu lâm nghiệp
• tài liệu về lâm nghiệp
• Aggregate stability
• Bulk density
• Penetration resistance
• Soil compaction
• Corn growing field
• High soil bulk density
• BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology
• Prescription opioid
• Pain medicine
• Exhibit substantial temporal
• Geographical variability
• Pharmacy point of care sources
• Land levelling index
• Soil moisture distribution
• Land leveling indices
• Cotton fields
• Geospatial technology
• Nutrient mapping
• Soil fertility status
• Soil testing
• Fertilizer recommendation
• Soil properties
• Physico chemical properties
• Various forms of potassium in soils
• Potassium in soils
• Standard laboratory method
• BMC Bioinformatics
• Template based modeling
• Homology modeling
• Random forest
• Machine learning
• Protein structure
• Protein structure prediction
• Protein sequence