tailieunhanh - Lecture Introduction to MIS - Chapter 2: Information technology foundations

In this chapter you will learn: What types of computers are needed for business applications? What are the basic objects that computers process? What are the main components of a computer? Why is the operating system so important? How does the Internet change the role of computers? What are the main software applications used in business? | Introduction to MIS Chapter 2 Information Technology Foundations Personal Productivity Outline Types of Data Trends Hardware Components Operating Systems Business Tasks Application Software Operating Systems Cases: Entrepreneurial Business Appendix: Displaying Data Trends Hardware Size (capacity) Speed (performance) Reliability Data Types Software and Operating System Trends Original: User/Programmer Early: Sequential Questions Easier: Menus Current: User/Event Driven Technology Trends Cost of workers increasing Cost of technology decreasing Capabilities increasing Processing speed Storage capacity Types of data text image sound video Quality and reliability Communications Brief History of Computing Forerunners 1642 Pascal's mechanical adding machine 1694 Leibnitz' calculator 1750 Industrial Revolution in England 1834 Babbage's analytical engine 1880 Hollerith's punched-card system 1940 1942 Atanasoff Berry Computer 1946 ENIAC electronic digital computer 1949 EDSAC stored program computer 1950 1951 UNIVAC I: . Bureau of Census 1954 IBM 650: popular 1st generation 1960 1965 IBM System/360: 3rd generation 1965 DEC PDP-8: 1st minicomputer Computing History 1970 1970 IBM System/370 announced 1975 MITS Altair 8800: micro kit 1976 Cray I shipped supercomputer 1978 TRS-80/I, Apple II introduced 1980 1982 IBM Personal Computer 1984 Apple Macintosh 1988 32 bit microprocessors (I486 & M 68040) 1989 RISC processors, LANs 1990 Rapidly declining cost of small computers Software integration The Internet 2000 Ubiquitous computing Speech recognition Numbers Images Sound Video Input Process Output 12 + 8 = 20 000001100 000001000 --------------- 000010100 20 0010000000000000000 0100000000000001001 0110000011000011011 0111111111111001111 1111111111111011111 1111111111100011111 000001000 000001001 000010100 pitch or volume Time 00101010111 11010101010 01010101010 11110100011 00101011011 Data Types 8 9 0 5 00101010111 11010101010 01010101010 11110100011 00101011011 . | Introduction to MIS Chapter 2 Information Technology Foundations Personal Productivity Outline Types of Data Trends Hardware Components Operating Systems Business Tasks Application Software Operating Systems Cases: Entrepreneurial Business Appendix: Displaying Data Trends Hardware Size (capacity) Speed (performance) Reliability Data Types Software and Operating System Trends Original: User/Programmer Early: Sequential Questions Easier: Menus Current: User/Event Driven Technology Trends Cost of workers increasing Cost of technology decreasing Capabilities increasing Processing speed Storage capacity Types of data text image sound video Quality and reliability Communications Brief History of Computing Forerunners 1642 Pascal's mechanical adding machine 1694 Leibnitz' calculator 1750 Industrial Revolution in England 1834 Babbage's analytical engine 1880 Hollerith's punched-card system 1940 1942 Atanasoff Berry Computer 1946 ENIAC electronic digital computer 1949 EDSAC stored program .