tailieunhanh - Lecture Life-span development (13th edition): Chapter 6 - Santrock

Chapter 6 - Socioemotional development in infancy. In chapters 4 and 5, you read about how the infant perceives, learns, and remembers. Infants also are socioemotional beings, capable of displaying emotions and initiating social interaction with people close to them. The main topics that we will explore in this chapter are emotional and personality development, social understanding and attachment, and the social contexts of the family and child care. | Chapter 6: Socioemotional Development in Infancy ©2011 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Emotional Development What Are Emotions? Emotion: feeling or affect, that occurs when a person is in a state or an interaction that is important to him or her, especially to his or her well-being Biological and Environmental Influences: Certain brain regions plays a role in emotions Relationships and culture provide diversity in emotional experiences ©2011 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Emotional Development Early Emotions: Primary Emotions: present in humans and animals – . surprise Self-Conscious Emotions: require self-awareness that involves consciousness and a sense of “me” – ., jealousy ©2011 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Emotional Development Emotional Expression and Social Relationships Emotions permit coordinated interactions with caregivers Crying is the most important mechanism newborns have for . | Chapter 6: Socioemotional Development in Infancy ©2011 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Emotional Development What Are Emotions? Emotion: feeling or affect, that occurs when a person is in a state or an interaction that is important to him or her, especially to his or her well-being Biological and Environmental Influences: Certain brain regions plays a role in emotions Relationships and culture provide diversity in emotional experiences ©2011 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Emotional Development Early Emotions: Primary Emotions: present in humans and animals – . surprise Self-Conscious Emotions: require self-awareness that involves consciousness and a sense of “me” – ., jealousy ©2011 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Emotional Development Emotional Expression and Social Relationships Emotions permit coordinated interactions with caregivers Crying is the most important mechanism newborns have for communicating with their world Three types of cries: Basic cry Anger cry Pain cry Two types of smiling: Reflexive smile Social smile ©2011 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Emotional Development Fear is one of a baby’s earliest emotions Stranger Anxiety: infant shows a fear and wariness of strangers First appears at about 6 months of age, intensifies at about 9 months of age ©2011 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. ©2011 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Separation Protest: crying when the caregiver leaves --Due to anxiety about being separated from their caregivers --Typically peaks at about 15 months for . infants --Cultural variations Emotional Development Emotional Regulation and Coping Caregivers’ actions influence the infant’s neurobiological regulation of emotions Soothing reduces the level of stress hormones Swaddling Infant gradually learns how to minimize the intensity of emotional reactions Infants .