tailieunhanh - Lecture Life-span development (13th edition): Chapter 2 - Santrock
Chapter 2 - Biological beginnings. The previous chapter introduced the fi eld of life-span development, including discussion of three key developmental processes: biological, cognitive, and socioemotional. In this chapter, we lay the foundation of the biological aspects of development. Biological processes, guided by genes, infl uence an individual’s development in every period of the human life span. | Chapter 2: Biological Beginnings ©2011 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Life-Span Development Thirteenth Edition ©2011 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Genes and Chromosomes Sources of Variability Combining genes of both parents increases genetic variability Identical (monozygotic) vs. Fraternal (dizygotic) twins Susceptibility genes vs. Longevity genes ©2011 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Genetic Principles Dominant-Recessive Genes Principle Sex-Linked Genes Genetic Imprinting Polygenic Inheritance ©2011 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. ©2011 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Chromosomal Abnormalities ©2011 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Gene-Linked Abnormalities Dealing with Genetic Abnormalities Every individual carries DNA variations, but most do not display a disorder Today, many genetic diseases can be detected prior to and immediately after birth However, knowledge of genetic flaws leads to difficult choices about how to manage such information Genetic counselors help people make reproductive decisions ©2011 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Prenatal Diagnostic Tests Ultrasound Sonography Fetal MRI Chorionic Villus Sampling Amniocentesis Maternal Blood Screening Noninvasive Prenatal Diagnosis (NIPD) ©2011 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. ©2011 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Infertility and Reproductive Technology Adoption: a parent-child relationship established between persons unrelated at birth Increased diversity of adoptive children and adoptive parents More likely to experience psychological and school-related problems than non-adoptive children Adoptive children fare much better than children in long-term foster care or institutions ©2011 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. | Chapter 2: Biological Beginnings ©2011 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Life-Span Development Thirteenth Edition ©2011 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Genes and Chromosomes Sources of Variability Combining genes of both parents increases genetic variability Identical (monozygotic) vs. Fraternal (dizygotic) twins Susceptibility genes vs. Longevity genes ©2011 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Genetic Principles Dominant-Recessive Genes Principle Sex-Linked Genes Genetic Imprinting Polygenic Inheritance ©2011 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. ©2011 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Chromosomal Abnormalities ©2011 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Gene-Linked Abnormalities Dealing with Genetic Abnormalities Every individual carries DNA variations, but most do not display a disorder Today, many genetic diseases can be detected prior to .
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