tailieunhanh - Introdungcing English language part 17

Introdungcing English language part 17: 'In this exciting new textbook, Louise Mullany and Peter Stockwell have provided a fresh and imaginative set of alternatives for teaching and learning a huge amount about the English language. The book allows tor creative and lateral approaches to developing an understanding of important linguistic concepts and, together with the thought-provoking activities, and accessible readings, guarantees there is something to stimulate every learner. | B5 82 DEVELOPMENT ASPECTS OF ENGLISH is taking place in this interaction. Jill and Sue talk at exactly the same time collaborating and agreeing with one another by engaging in supportive simultaneous talk to produce their discourse jointly. They use repetition and say similar things at the same and at slightly different times. While supportive simultaneous talk occurs very frequently in private informal contexts it can also take place in formal public contexts. In the following example which also utilises the musical score style of transcription we have two male business managers using supportive simultaneous talk during a business meeting The meeting participants have been discussing changes to stock ordering. Rob is the meeting chair and is drawing the discussion to a close. 1 Rob So we just need to think about how we 2 Rob - how we can categorize that how we look at it separately 3 David how we categorize on that yeah In lines 2-3 David and Rob utter a remarkably similar utterance almost saying exactly the same thing at exactly the same time. This is a classic illustration of supportive simultaneous speech and firmly indicates that they agree with one another. David reiterates his agreement by issuing yeah simultaneously here too in line 3 known as a supportive minimal response. This short utterance is not an attempt to take the floor but is instead a signal of active listenership and agreement. Come up with other contexts either formal or informal where supportive simultaneous talk takes place using the above examples as a guide. Topic Another area of examination which conversation analysts focus upon is that of conversational topic. Again context is a crucial consideration. In informal settings where conversation is progressing well topic change usually occurs gradually there is topic drift as speakers gradually move from one topic to another. This contrasts with more formal settings particularly institutional or organisational settings such as courtrooms or .