tailieunhanh - Income sources and inequality among ethnic minorities in the Northwest region, Vietnam

This study analyzes the sources of income inequality among ethnic minorities in the Northwest region—the poorest and highest inequality region of Vietnam. Using an analysis of Gini decomposition by income source, the results show that while agricultural income, notably crop income, considerably decreases income inequality, off-farm income sources (wage and non-farm self-employment incomes) are found to increase inequality. | Income sources and inequality among ethnic minorities in the Northwest region, Vietnam Tran Quang Tuyen Environment, Development and Sustainability A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development ISSN 1387-585X Environ Dev Sustain DOI 1 23 Your article is protected by copyright and all rights are held exclusively by Springer Science +Business Media Dordrecht. This e-offprint is for personal use only and shall not be selfarchived in electronic repositories. If you wish to self-archive your article, please use the accepted manuscript version for posting on your own website. You may further deposit the accepted manuscript version in any repository, provided it is only made publicly available 12 months after official publication or later and provided acknowledgement is given to the original source of publication and a link is inserted to the published article on Springer's website. The link must be accompanied by the following text: "The final publication is available at ”. 1 23 Author's personal copy Environ Dev Sustain DOI Income sources and inequality among ethnic minorities in the Northwest region, Vietnam Tran Quang Tuyen1 Received: 19 May 2015 / Accepted: 16 August 2015 © Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht 2015 Abstract This study analyzes the sources of income inequality among ethnic minorities in the Northwest region—the poorest and highest inequality region of Vietnam. Using an analysis of Gini decomposition by income source, the results show that while agricultural income, notably crop income, considerably decreases income inequality, off-farm income sources (wage and non-farm self-employment incomes) are found to increase inequality. This can be explained that in comparison with other income sources, agricultural income is more equally distributed and the main income source for most poor households. However, off-farm income sources are .