tailieunhanh - Ebook MCQs and EMQs in human physiology (6/E): Part 2

(BQ) Part 2 book “MCQs and EMQs in human physiology” has contents: Urinary system, endocrine system, reproductive system, general questions, interpretative questions, sport and exercise physiology. | 7 URINARY SYSTEM 171 MCQs 395. Hydrostatic pressure in renal glomerular capillaries A. B. C. D. E. Is lower than pressure in efferent arterioles. Rises when afferent arterioles constrict. Is higher than in most capillaries at heart level. Falls by 10 per cent when arterial pressure falls by 10 per cent. Falls along the length of the capillary. 396. Tubular reabsorption of a filtered substance is likely to be active rather than passive if its A. B. C. D. E. Concentration in the tubular fluid is lower than in peritubular capillary blood. Excretion is increased by cooling the kidney. Renal clearance is lower than that of inulin. Renal clearance rises at high plasma levels. Urinary excretion rate:plasma concentration ratio is the same as for glucose. 397. The renal clearance of a substance A. B. C. D. E. Is inversely related to its urinary concentration, U. Is directly related to the rate of urine formation, V. Is directly related to its plasma concentration, P. Is expressed in units of volume per unit time. Must fall in the presence of metabolic poisons. 398. In fluid in the distal part of the proximal convoluted tubule A. B. C. D. E. Urea concentration is higher than in Bowman’s capsule. pH is less than 6 when the kidneys are excreting an acid urine. Glucose concentration is similar to that in plasma. Osmolality is about 25 per cent that of glomerular filtrate. Bicarbonate concentration is lower than in plasma. 399. Renal tubules normally reabsorb A. B. C. D. E. More water every hour than the entire plasma volume. All filtered HCO3⫺ in respiratory acidosis. All filtered amino acids. All filtered plasma proteins. More K⫹ than Cl⫺. 400. As plasma glucose concentration rises above normal, glucose A. B. C. D. E. Filtration increases linearly. Transport maximum Tm increases linearly. Clearance increases linearly. Reabsorption increases and then levels off. Excretion increases and then decreases. MCQ Questions 395–400 Urinary system – .