tailieunhanh - Lecture AP Biology - Chapter 53: Population ecology

In this chapter, you should be able to: How density, dispersion, and demographics can describe a population; the differences between exponential and logistic models of population growth; how density-dependent and density-independent factors can control population growth. | Ch. 53 Warm-Up (Review) Sketch an exponential population growth curve and a logistic population growth curve. What is an ecological footprint? What are ways that you can reduce your ecological footprint? Define: Demography Semelparity Iteroparity Carrying capacity Exponential growth curve Logistic growth curve K-selection r-selection Ecological footprint POPULATION ECOLOGY Chapter 53 You Must Know: How density, dispersion, and demographics can describe a population. The differences between exponential and logistic models of population growth. How density-dependent and density-independent factors can control population growth. Population = group of individuals of a single species living in same general area Density: # individuals / area Dispersion: pattern of spacing between individuals Introduction Determining population size and density: Count every individual Random sampling Mark-recapture method Patterns of Dispersal: Clumped – most common; near required resource Uniform – usually antagonistic interactions Random – unpredictable spacing, not common in nature Additions occur through birth, and subtractions occur through death. Life table : age-specific summary of the survival pattern of a population Demography: the study of vital statistics that affect population size Survivorship Curve: represent # individuals alive at each age Type I: low death rate early in life (humans) Type II: constant death rate over lifespan (squirrels) Type III: high death rate early in life (oysters) dN/dt = B-D N = population size t = time Change in Population Size Change in population size during time interval Births during time interval Deaths during time interval = - Zero Population Growth Population Growth Models Exponential population growth: ideal conditions, population grows rapidly Exponential Growth Equation dN/dt = change in population r = growth rate of pop. N = population size Sample Problem: A certain population of mice is growing exponentially. The growth rate of the . | Ch. 53 Warm-Up (Review) Sketch an exponential population growth curve and a logistic population growth curve. What is an ecological footprint? What are ways that you can reduce your ecological footprint? Define: Demography Semelparity Iteroparity Carrying capacity Exponential growth curve Logistic growth curve K-selection r-selection Ecological footprint POPULATION ECOLOGY Chapter 53 You Must Know: How density, dispersion, and demographics can describe a population. The differences between exponential and logistic models of population growth. How density-dependent and density-independent factors can control population growth. Population = group of individuals of a single species living in same general area Density: # individuals / area Dispersion: pattern of spacing between individuals Introduction Determining population size and density: Count every individual Random sampling Mark-recapture method Patterns of Dispersal: Clumped – most common; near required resource Uniform – usually