tailieunhanh - Lecture AP Biology - Chapter 43: The immune system

Upon completion of this lesson, the successful participant will be able to: Distinguish between innate and acquired immunity; name and describe four types of phagocytic cells; describe the inflammation response; distinguish between the following pairs of terms: antigens and antibodies; antigen and epitope; B lymphocytes and T lymphocytes;. | Chapter 43 Warm-Up Define the following terms: Pathogen Antigen Antibody Allergen Vaccine What are lymphocytes? Where do B cells and T cells mature? Ch. 43 Review Warm-Up What is the difference between innate vs. adaptive immunity? Contrast the functions of B cells and T cells. How are antigens recognized by immune system cells? What are memory cells? How does HIV affect the immune system? THE IMMUNE SYSTEM Chapter 43 What you must know: Several elements of an innate immune response The differences between B and T cells relative to their activation and actions. How antigens are recognized by immune system cells The differences in humoral and cell-mediated immunity Why Helper T cells are central to immune responses Types of Immunity Innate Immunity Adaptive Immunity Non-specific All plants & animals Pathogen-specific Only in vertebrates Involves B and T cells Plant Defenses Nonspecific responses Receptors recognize pathogen molecules and trigger defense responses Thicken cell wall, produce antimicrobial compounds, cell death Localize effects Pathogens (such as bacteria, fungi, and viruses) INNATE IMMUNITY (all animals) • Rapid response Recognition of traits shared by broad ranges of pathogens, using a small set of receptors • Recognition of traits specific to particular pathogens, using a vast array of receptors • • Slower response Barrier defenses: Skin Mucous membranes Secretions Internal defenses: Phagocytic cells Natural killer cells Antimicrobial proteins Inflammatory response Humoral response: Antibodies defend against infection in body fluids. Cell-mediated response: Cytotoxic cells defend against infection in body cells. ADAPTIVE IMMUNITY (vertebrates only) Figure Figure Overview of animal immunity. Barrier Defenses: Skin Mucous membranes Lysozyme (tears, saliva, mucus) Inflammatory Response: Mast cells release histamine Blood vessels dilate, increase permeability (redness, swelling) Deliver clotting agents, phagocytic cells Fever Phagocytic . | Chapter 43 Warm-Up Define the following terms: Pathogen Antigen Antibody Allergen Vaccine What are lymphocytes? Where do B cells and T cells mature? Ch. 43 Review Warm-Up What is the difference between innate vs. adaptive immunity? Contrast the functions of B cells and T cells. How are antigens recognized by immune system cells? What are memory cells? How does HIV affect the immune system? THE IMMUNE SYSTEM Chapter 43 What you must know: Several elements of an innate immune response The differences between B and T cells relative to their activation and actions. How antigens are recognized by immune system cells The differences in humoral and cell-mediated immunity Why Helper T cells are central to immune responses Types of Immunity Innate Immunity Adaptive Immunity Non-specific All plants & animals Pathogen-specific Only in vertebrates Involves B and T cells Plant Defenses Nonspecific responses Receptors recognize pathogen molecules and trigger defense responses Thicken cell wall, .