tailieunhanh - Lecture Mosby's paramedic textbook (4th ed) - Chapter 34: Toxicology

This chapter include objectives: Identify the purpose of the patient care report; describe the uses of the patient care report; outline the components of an accurate, thorough patient care report; describe the elements of a properly written emergency medical services (EMS) document; describe an effective system for documenting the narrative section of a prehospital patient care report;. | 9/11/2012 1 Chapter 34 Toxicology 2 Lesson Ingested and Inhaled Poisons 3 Copyright © 2013 by Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC, an Ascend Learning Company 1 9/11/2012 Learning Objectives • Define poisoning. • Describe general principles for assessment and management of the patient who has ingested poison. • Describe the causative agents and pathophysiology of selected ingested poisons and management of patients who have taken them. 4 Learning Objectives • Describe how physical and chemical properties influence the effects of inhaled toxins. • Distinguish among the three categories of inhaled toxins: simple asphyxiants, chemical asphyxiants and systemic poisons, and irritants or corrosives. • Describe general principles of managing the patient who has inhaled poison. 5 Poisonings • Any substance that produces harmful physiological or psychological effects • Emergencies involving poison are major cause of morbidity and mortality in . – In 2006, over 2 million unintentional poisonings reported by poison control centers • Resulted in over 700,000 emergency department visits – Additional 200,000 emergency department visits caused by intentional poisoning • 75 percent of these had to be hospitalized or transferred to another medical facility 6 Copyright © 2013 by Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC, an Ascend Learning Company 2 9/11/2012 Statistics • Poisoning by solids and liquids second leading cause of unintentional death in . – Second leading cause of unintentional death for all persons aged 17 to (2005, National Safety Council) 7 This image cannot currently be display ed. How many substances that fit the definition of a poison are there in or around your home? 8 Poison Control Centers • Over 60 poison control centers across . – Most based in major medical centers or teaching hospitals – Belong to regional centers designated by American Association of Poison Control Centers 9 Copyright © 2013 by Jones