tailieunhanh - Lecture Mosby's paramedic textbook (4th ed) - Chapter 13: Principles of pharmacology and emergency medications

This chapter describe the normal vital signs and body system characteristics of the newborn, neonate, infant, toddler, preschooler, school‐ age child, adolescent, young adult, middle‐age adult, and older adult; identify key psychosocial features of the infant, toddler, preschooler, school‐age child, adolescent, young adult, middle‐age adult, and older adult; explain the effect of parenting styles, sibling rivalry, peer relationships, and other factors on a child’s psychosocial development. | 9/10/2012 1 Chapter 13 Principles of Pharmacology and Emergency Medications 2 Lesson Drug Information and Historical Trends 3 Copyright © 2013 by Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC, an Ascend Learning Company 1 9/10/2012 Learning Objectives • Explain what a drug is. • Identify the four types of drug names. 4 Learning Objectives • Explain the meaning of drug terms that are necessary to interpret information in drug references safely. • Outline drug standards and legislation and the enforcement agencies pertinent to the paramedic profession. 5 Historical Trends • Pharmacology science may date back to 10,000 to 7,000 BC – Medicinal herbs thought to be grown by humans in Neolithic period • Unknown if they had healing properties – Medicines mentioned in the bible • • • • Gums Spices Oils Maybe narcotics 6 Copyright © 2013 by Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC, an Ascend Learning Company 2 9/10/2012 Historical Trends • Plant‐derived drugs used heavily throughout the Middle Ages – Digestives – Laxatives – Diuretics 7 8 Historical Trends • “Chemical medicine” concept born in 17th century – Some still used today • Opium (morphine) – 19th century, accurate drug dosage studies led to manufacturing plants to produce drugs • Knowledge of expected drug actions became more exact 9 Copyright © 2013 by Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC, an Ascend Learning Company 3 9/10/2012 Historical Trends • 20th and 21st centuries, important drug discoveries – Insulin – Antibiotics – Fibrinolytics – Had major effects on common illnesses • Diabetes • Bacterial infections • Cardiovascular disease 10 Historical Trends • Modern health care, pharmaceutics going through many changes – Consumer awareness • Responsibility for their health, wellness – Disease prevention • Actively seek to develop new drugs, treatments, cures to prevent diseases 11 Historical Trends • Orphan drugs – .