tailieunhanh - World trade report 2011: The WTO and preferential trade agreements from co-existence to coherence

"World trade report 2011: The WTO and preferential trade agreements from co-existence to coherence" is split into two main parts. The first is a brief summary of the trade situation in 2010. The second part focuses on the special theme of preferential trade agreements. | World Trade Report 2011 The WTO and preferential trade agreements: From co-existence to coherence World Trade Report The ever-growing number of preferential trade agreements (PTAs) is a prominent feature of international trade. The World Trade Report 2011 describes the historical development of PTAs and the current landscape of agreements. It examines why PTAs are established, their economic effects, and the contents of the agreements themselves. Finally it considers the interaction between PTAs and the multilateral trading system. Accumulated trade opening – at the multilateral, regional and unilateral level – has reduced the scope for offering preferential tariffs under PTAs. As a result, only a small fraction of global merchandise trade receives preferences and preferential tariffs are becoming less important in PTAs. The report reveals that more and more PTAs are going beyond preferential tariffs, with numerous non-tariff areas of a regulatory nature being included in the agreements. Global production networks may be prompting the emergence of these “deep” PTAs as good governance on a range of regulatory areas is far more important to these networks than further reductions in already low tariffs. Econometric evidence and case studies support this link between production networks and deep PTAs. The report ends by examining the challenge that deep PTAs present to the multilateral trading system and proposes a number of options for increasing coherence between these agreements and the trading system regulated by the WTO. 9 789287 037640 World Trade Report 2011 The WTO and preferential trade agreements: From co-existence to coherence What is the World Trade Report? The World Trade Report is an annual publication that aims to deepen understanding about trends in trade, trade policy issues and the multilateral trading system. Using this report The 2011 World Trade Report is split into two main parts. The first is a brief summary of the trade situation in .