tailieunhanh - Unique features of an R&D work environmentand research scientists and engineers

This review of the uniqueness of the R&D work environment and R&D personnel will elaborate on these five factors and show why managing R&D projects and personnel is generally more difficult than managing other organizational functions. | JSTPM Vol 3, No 1, 2014 85 UNIQUE FEATURES OF AN R&D WORK ENVIRONMENTAND RESEARCH SCIENTISTS AND ENGINEERS ., . Thomas E. Clarke STARGE Consulting Co., Ltd., Canada Abstract: Not only is good management of research the critical difference between a thriving research organization and an average one, but research is the most difficult to manage of all functional activities (Lamontagne Report, 1972, Vol. 2. referenced in Vol. 6, Ch. 10, p. 8 of the 1994 Report of the Auditor General of Canada) During his extensive review of science policy in Canada, Senator Maurice Lamontagne identified three reasons or factors why managing research is different from managing other human activities: - the uncertainty of outcome of research; - the difficulty of measuring the results or impacts of research when each research task is unique; and - the differences in the expectations, values, attitudes and motivation of scientists and engineers from those of other employees; (. the people element). To this list can be added at least two more major factors: the rapid rate of change of the scientific knowledge base, and the unique organizational characteristics of a creative and productive R&D-based institution that differ from the more traditional characteristics seen in most non science-based government departments. This review of the uniqueness of the R&D work environment and R&D personnel will elaborate on these five factors and show why managing R&D projects and personnel is generally more difficult than managing other organizational functions. Keywords: R&D activities; Management of research. 1. Uncertainty associated with scientific activities "R&D, by its very nature, is an activity that is aimed at generating new knowledge, testing hypotheses about how matters in the physical or social world act and react, and in general, providing know-how which can be used to create or improve activities or systems in that part of our life to which they pertain" [6, ]. A .

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