tailieunhanh - Lecture Microbiology - Chapter 15: Epidemiology and nosocomial infections

Lecture Microbiology - Chapter 15: Epidemiology and nosocomial infections. This chapter presents the following content: Infectious disease spread, epidemiological terms, diseases in populations, disease spread, reservoirs of infection,. | EPIDEMIOLOGY AND NOSOCOMIAL INFECTIONS CHAPTER 15 Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved. Infectious Disease Spread What is Epidemiology? – Where, when and how of disease in populations – Promotion of a healthier society Incidence – Number of new cases Prevalence – Number of existing cases in any stage of disease Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved. Epidemiological Terms Morbidity – Ill effects suffered by individuals with disease Mortality – Deaths Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved. Diseases in Populations Endemic (b) – Disease with constant presence Epidemic (c) – High incidence in a short time in a region Pandemic – Global disease epidemic Sporadic (a) – Occasional occurrence – Often imported due to air travel Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved. Disease Spread Common Source Outbreak – Individuals exposed to the same contamination Propagated Epidemic – Spread from person to person Types of epidemiologic study – Descriptive – Analytical – Experimental Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights .