tailieunhanh - Ebook Public policy and economics of entrepreneurship: Part 2

(BQ) Part 2 book "Public policy and economics of entrepreneurship" has contents: Dimensions of nonprofit entrepreneurship - An exploratory essay; does business ownership provide a source of upward mobility for blacks and hispanics; entrepreneurial activity and wealth inequality: a historical perspective. | 5 Dimensions of Nonprofit Entrepreneurship: An Exploratory Essay Joseph J. Cordes, C. Eugene Steuerle, and Eric Twombly Because entrepreneurship is typically associated with the creation of new business ventures and innovation in the for-profit sector of the economy, ‘‘nonprofit entrepreneurship’’ may seem to be a contradiction in terms. Yet many large and successful nonprofit organizations that exist today can trace their lineage back to the enterprise and vision of a founder, such as the International Red Cross (Jean-Henri Dunant), Mothers Against Drunk Driving (Candace Lightner), Girl Scouts (Juliet Lowe), and Tax Analysts and Advocates (Thomas Field). More locally, it is also not unusual to find a press account of a recently founded nonprofit that appears to be meeting a particular need in a new and creative way. Thus, the growth and evolution of organizations in the nonprofit sector of the economy, which by some estimates accounts for roughly 7 percent of the . GDP, is thus clearly shaped by individuals who fit Webster’s definition of an entrepreneur as ‘‘one who organizes, manages, and assumes the risks of a business or enterprise.’’1 There is also suggestive, though still largely anecdotal, evidence that some new socially oriented businesses have been established by entrepreneurs who seek to combine for-profit ventures with an explicit charitable purpose. Scholars have paid some attention to what can be described as entrepreneurial behavior by managers of existing nonprofit But, aside from Bowen et al. (1994), less attention has been given to studying the individual and environmental factors that affect the creation of new nonprofit enterprises,3 and still less to examining why some for-profit entrepreneurs may be motivated to harness their talents in the pursuit of social or charitable purposes. With this in mind, our chapter focuses on several questions pertaining to the formation of new enterprises with a charitable or .