tailieunhanh - Ebook Handbook of comparative and development public administration: Part 2

(BQ) Part 2 book "Handbook of comparative and development public administration" has contents: Public administration in developing nations - The near and middle east, latin america, and the caribbean; public administration and development, dependency, and independence -Theoretical and empirical aspects; ethics and accountability in public administration,. and other contents. | 35 State Tradition and Public Administration in Iran: Ancient and Contemporary Perspectives Ali Farazmand School of Public Administration, Florida Atlantic University, Fort Lauderdale, Florida I. INTRODUCTION State tradition and public administration have existed ever since the beginning of human civilization. As a bridge land between the Eastern and Western civilizations of the ancient world, Iran has been one of the oldest centers of world civilization and a pioneer in the development of state building, bureaucracy, and public administration. This chapter attempts to present a brief historical discussion of Iranian state and public administration from the earliest time to the present. This essay is mainly drawn from the author’s forthcoming book on Iranian civilization, state, and public administration from 6000 . to the present. It is also based on numerous primary and secondary sources, of which some of the better known are cited here—hence a lack of detailed references. The following discussion is organized into three major historical periods of Iranian public administration: the prehistory Susa and the Federal Elamite state (6000–650 .); the ancient Median State and the World-State of the Persian Empire (720 .–651 .); and the Medieval and the Islamic periods under Saljughs, Safavids, and Qajars (651 to the 19th century), and the 20-century modern Iran. II. ADMINISTRATION OF THE FEDERAL STATE OF ELAM The earliest experience of state tradition and administrative functions on a massive scale began around 6000 . in Susa. As one of the oldest sites of ancient civilization, Susa began political and administrative life first as a city-state contemporary and rival to Sumer in the Mesopotamia, then as the capital of one of the oldest empires of antiquity, Elam. Established in the late fourth millennium ., the Elamite Empire was the first Iranian experience in empire building and state tradition. As a major rival to Sumer, Babylonia, and Assyria,