tailieunhanh - Ebook Analyzing politics (4th edition): Part 2

(BQ) Part 2 book "Analyzing politics" has contents: Comparative politics I - Governmental systems - democracy and nondemocracy; comparative politics II - Interest groups, political parties, and elections; international relations I - Introduction; international relations II - Contemporary issues,. and other contents. | 8 U Comparative Politics I Governmental Systems: Democracy and Nondemocracy C omparative politics is the study of how governments, political groups, political procedures, and citizenship vary across countries or time periods. Consider, for example, how different your life would likely be depending on whether you were a citizen of Nigeria or a citizen of Iceland. With a population in excess of 130 million, Nigeria is the most populous country in Africa. A former colony of Great Britain, Nigeria has been independent since 1960. Nigeria is home to a diverse population: Hundreds of dialects are spoken, and Muslim, Christian, and indigenous religions prevail. Although rich in resources, Nigeria is ranked by UN organizations as a low-income country. Nigerians have a life expectancy of less than 50 years, and less than 50 percent of the population has attended grade school. Politically, Nigeria has experienced civil war and authoritarian government since independence. The current president, Umaru Musa Yar’ Adua, came to power in May 2007, following an election the processes of which were described by many observers as irregular and questionable. Iceland is one of Europe’s smallest countries. It is the size of Virginia and has a population of less than 1 million. Ethnic and religious divisions are virtually nonexistent. Most citizens are of Norwegian or Celtic ancestry, and 95 percent of the population is Protestant. Iceland was an independent country from 930 to 1262. It was governed by Denmark from 1380 to 1918 and established complete independence in 1944. Iceland is a democracy with literacy rates (99 percent of the population) and life expectancies (76 years for men and 81 years for women) among the highest in the world. Iceland’s most recent legislative election was held in May 2007 164 COMPARATIVE POLITICS I 165 and five parties won seats in the country’s unicameral national As this example illustrates, the range of potential differences .

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