tailieunhanh - Lecture Campbell biology (9th edition) - Chapter 10: Photosynthesis

This chapter presents the following content: Photosynthesis converts light energy to the chemical energy of food, the light reactions converts solar energy to the chemical energy of ATP and NADPH, the Calvin cycle uses the chemical energy of ATP and NADPH to reduce CO2 to sugar, alternative mechanisms of carbon fixation have evolved in hot, arid climates. | Photosynthesis Chapter 10 Overview: The Process That Feeds the Biosphere Photosynthesis is the process that converts solar energy into chemical energy Directly or indirectly, photosynthesis nourishes almost the entire living world © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Autotrophs sustain themselves without eating anything derived from other organisms Autotrophs are the producers of the biosphere, producing organic molecules from CO2 and other inorganic molecules Almost all plants are photoautotrophs, using the energy of sunlight to make organic molecules © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Photosynthesis occurs in plants, algae, certain other protists, and some prokaryotes These organisms feed not only themselves but also most of the living world © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. (a) Plants (b) Multicellular alga (c) Unicellular protists (d) Cyanobacteria (e) Purple sulfur bacteria 10 m 1 m 40 m Figure Figure Photoautotrophs. Heterotrophs obtain their organic . | Photosynthesis Chapter 10 Overview: The Process That Feeds the Biosphere Photosynthesis is the process that converts solar energy into chemical energy Directly or indirectly, photosynthesis nourishes almost the entire living world © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Autotrophs sustain themselves without eating anything derived from other organisms Autotrophs are the producers of the biosphere, producing organic molecules from CO2 and other inorganic molecules Almost all plants are photoautotrophs, using the energy of sunlight to make organic molecules © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Photosynthesis occurs in plants, algae, certain other protists, and some prokaryotes These organisms feed not only themselves but also most of the living world © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. (a) Plants (b) Multicellular alga (c) Unicellular protists (d) Cyanobacteria (e) Purple sulfur bacteria 10 m 1 m 40 m Figure Figure Photoautotrophs. Heterotrophs obtain their organic material from other organisms Heterotrophs are the consumers of the biosphere Almost all heterotrophs, including humans, depend on photoautotrophs for food and O2 © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. The Earth’s supply of fossil fuels was formed from the remains of organisms that died hundreds of millions of years ago In a sense, fossil fuels represent stores of solar energy from the distant past © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Concept : Photosynthesis converts light energy to the chemical energy of food Chloroplasts are structurally similar to and likely evolved from photosynthetic bacteria The structural organization of these cells allows for the chemical reactions of photosynthesis © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Chloroplasts: The Sites of Photosynthesis in Plants Leaves are the major locations of photosynthesis Their green color is from chlorophyll, the green pigment within chloroplasts Chloroplasts are found mainly in cells of the mesophyll, the interior tissue of the leaf .