tailieunhanh - Ebook NCLEX-RN EXCEL - Test success through unfolding case study review (2/E): Part

Part 2 book “NCLEX-RN EXCEL - Test success through unfolding case study review” has contents: Pharmacology, community health nursing, leadership and management in nursing, men’s health, geriatric health, veterans’ health. | CHAPTER 6 Pharmacology Brian J. Fasolka Nurses are . leaguers.—Author unknown UNFOLDING CASE STUDY 1: Robert Robert, age 47 years, presents to a walk-in clinic with a complaint of a throbbing frontal headache that has lasted for 10 days. Robert initially denies having any past medical or surgical history. Robert’s vital signs upon initial assessment are: blood pressure (BP): 224/112 mmHg, heart rate (HR): 84 beats per minute (bpm), respiratory rate (RR): 16 breaths per minute, oral temperature: °F (37°C). On further questioning by the nurse, Robert reports taking medication for hypertension in the past. He was asymptomatic but was diagnosed by his health care provider. He cannot recall the name of the medication, but reports he stopped taking it over 1 year ago because he “felt fine.” Although Robert is unable to recall the name of the antihypertensive medication he was prescribed, it likely belonged to one of the classes indicated in Exercise . EXERCISE Matching: Match the antihypertensive classes in Column A with the mechanisms in Column B: Column A Column B Antihypertensive Class Mechanism by Which It Decreases Blood Pressure (BP) A. Diuretics Decreases sympathetic stimulation from the central nervous system (CNS), resulting in decreased heart rate, decreased vasoconstriction, and decreased vascular resistance within the kidneys. (continued ) 410 NCLEX-RN® Excel Column A Column B Antihypertensive Class Mechanism by Which It Decreases blood pressure (BP) B. Beta blockers C. Calcium channel blockers D. Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACE inhibitors) E. Angiotensin II receptor antagonists F. Centrally acting alpha-2 stimulators G. Peripherally acting alpha-1 blockers H. Alpha-1 beta blockers I. Direct vasodilators Causes vasodilation by blocking the receptor sites of alpha-1 adrenergic receptors. Blocks the receptor sites of angiotensin II, thus preventing the vasoconstricting effects. Prevents the release of .