tailieunhanh - Lecture Introduction to linguistics: Phonetics (Part 1)

In this chapter, students will be able to understand: Phonetics, 3 types of phonetics, articulatory phonetics, (places, manner, voicing), distinctive feature analysis, acoustic and auditory phonetics, vowels and consonants, phonetic transcription. | Phonetics (Part 1) Dr. Ansa Hameed Phonetics The study of physical properties of sound(s) is called Phonetics Phonetics The study of articulation, transmission and perception of speech sounds Articulatory phonetics Acoustic phonetics Auditory phonetics Articulatory phonetics is the study of the way the vocal organs are used to produce speech sounds The number of vocal organs varies with languages: there are speech sounds that do not use an air-stream from the lungs (non-pulmonic sounds, . clicks tut tut or tsk tsk) Acoustic Phonetics is the study of the physical properties of speech sounds and how they are transmitted Sound energy is a pressure wave consisting of vibrations of molecules in an elastic medium – a gas, a liquid, a solid; in this case, air – air particles are disturbed through the movements and vibrations of the vocal organs, especially the vocal folds. The process continues as a chain reaction for as long as the energy lasts. Air particles move in the form of a wave: they are characterized by oscillation , frequency (hertz), amplitude and intensity (decibels). Auditory Phonetics is the study of the way people perceive speech sounds; the study of speech perception. 1st step – when sound waves arrive at the ear; 2nd step – transmission of sound along the auditory nerve to the brain Articulatory Phonetics The production of any speech sound involves the movement of an air stream. Most speech sounds are produced by pushing the air out of the lungs through the mouth (oral) and sometimes through the nose (nasal). Articulatory Phonetics deals with how the sounds are produced. Three Dimensions of Articulation Voicing Place of Articulation Manner of Articulation Speech Organs Voicing Voiced and Voiceless The air stream from the lungs passes through an opening between the vocal cords, the glottis. If the vocal cords are apart and the airstream is not obstructed at the glottis, the sounds produced this way are voiceless. Voicing If the vocal cords are together | Phonetics (Part 1) Dr. Ansa Hameed Phonetics The study of physical properties of sound(s) is called Phonetics Phonetics The study of articulation, transmission and perception of speech sounds Articulatory phonetics Acoustic phonetics Auditory phonetics Articulatory phonetics is the study of the way the vocal organs are used to produce speech sounds The number of vocal organs varies with languages: there are speech sounds that do not use an air-stream from the lungs (non-pulmonic sounds, . clicks tut tut or tsk tsk) Acoustic Phonetics is the study of the physical properties of speech sounds and how they are transmitted Sound energy is a pressure wave consisting of vibrations of molecules in an elastic medium – a gas, a liquid, a solid; in this case, air – air particles are disturbed through the movements and vibrations of the vocal organs, especially the vocal folds. The process continues as a chain reaction for as long as the energy lasts. Air particles move in the form of a wave: