tailieunhanh - Lecture Advances in supply chain management - Chapter 26

After completing this chapter, students will be able to: Describe the nature of a transportation problem, solve transportation problems manually and interpret the results, set up transportation problems in the general linear programming format, interpret computer solutions. | PART IV ARCHITECTURE OF SELECTED APS SUMMARY of Last Lecture The demand planning application has been used since the beginning of 2002. The planning process and the functionalities are highly accepted. Currently, there are about 70 users in different European countries working with this system. The planners not only use the Demand Planning application, but also profit from the reporting functionality of the Business Warehouse. SAP’s Business Explorer (BEx), a Microsoft Excel front-end on the Business Warehouse, helps in analyzing forecast accuracy, printing formatted reports, checking master data and supporting online analytical processing. Forecast accuracy is measured in different ways: Sales Budget fulfillment: The cumulated sales and the planned cumulated sales budget are compared on a monthly basis for each product group and region. If the sales go beyond the budget, the sales data are highlighted. Forecast development: Based on the historical sales data for each product group the mean value and the standard deviation sigma are calculated. Then the forecast of a product group is plotted in a graph with lines for the mean value and the mean value plus or minus one, two and three times sigma. If there is a demand forecast exceeding the one-sigma, two-sigma or three-sigma borders, a traffic light function highlights the forecast and creates alerts of different severity. Sales—sales plan—marketing plan comparison: Because of the adjustments before the final release, the original forecast quantities can differ from the adjusted quantities. Thus, the actual sales are compared with the original sales plan and with the quantities after the marketing adjustments. Planning Areas As mentioned above, the key figures contain the quantities of a characteristic combination. The structure of SAP APO’s Demand Planning allows for the creation of several “bundles” of key figures—the so-called Planning Areas that can be assigned to one Master Planning Object . | PART IV ARCHITECTURE OF SELECTED APS SUMMARY of Last Lecture The demand planning application has been used since the beginning of 2002. The planning process and the functionalities are highly accepted. Currently, there are about 70 users in different European countries working with this system. The planners not only use the Demand Planning application, but also profit from the reporting functionality of the Business Warehouse. SAP’s Business Explorer (BEx), a Microsoft Excel front-end on the Business Warehouse, helps in analyzing forecast accuracy, printing formatted reports, checking master data and supporting online analytical processing. Forecast accuracy is measured in different ways: Sales Budget fulfillment: The cumulated sales and the planned cumulated sales budget are compared on a monthly basis for each product group and region. If the sales go beyond the budget, the sales data are highlighted. Forecast development: Based on the historical sales data for each product