tailieunhanh - Lecture Introduction to linguistics: Syntax (Part 5)

In this chapter, students will be able to understand: Syntactic analysis, some modern approaches, case grammar, startificational grammar, tagmemics, brief review of all syntactic analysis approaches. | Syntax (5) Dr. Ansa Hameed Previously Syntax: Syntactic Analysis Immediate Constituent Analysis Ultimate Constituent Analysis Phrase Structure Grammar Transformational Generative Grammar Today’s Lecture Syntactic Analysis Some Modern Approaches Case Grammar Startificational Grammar Tagmemics Brief Review of All Syntactic Analysis Approaches Case Grammar Originator: Charles Fillmore Publication ‘The Case of the Case’ (1968) Reaction against Transformational Generative Grammar A start of a new grammar theory though there is no fixed theory for it Other major contributors: Anderson (1971), (1977); Chafe (1970); Nilsen (1972), (1973); cook (1973); Mackenzie (1981) .etc. Case Grammar Charles Fillmore Fillmore (1968b:382) explicitly stated: “I believe that human languages are constrained in such a way that the relation between arguments and predicates fall into a small number of types. In particular I believe that these role types can be identified with certain elementary judgments about the things that go around us: judgments about who does something, who experiences something, where something happens, what it is that changes, what it is that moves, where it starts out, and where it ends up. Since judgments like these are very much like the kinds of things grammarians have associated for centuries with the use of grammatical cases, I have been referring to the case roles as case relationships, or simply cases.” Case Grammar Fillmore divided the basic structure of a sentence in to a verb and one or more noun phrases S = V + NP (s) Each of these noun phrases is associated with verb in particular case relationship Example The peon opened the gate. (subject is agent) Deep The gate was opened by the peon. (subject is goal) Case The key opened the gate. (subject is instrument) Relations Case Grammar According to Fillmore, the manifestations of the case relations are language specific. We select the verbs according to case environments or ‘case frames’ provided by the . | Syntax (5) Dr. Ansa Hameed Previously Syntax: Syntactic Analysis Immediate Constituent Analysis Ultimate Constituent Analysis Phrase Structure Grammar Transformational Generative Grammar Today’s Lecture Syntactic Analysis Some Modern Approaches Case Grammar Startificational Grammar Tagmemics Brief Review of All Syntactic Analysis Approaches Case Grammar Originator: Charles Fillmore Publication ‘The Case of the Case’ (1968) Reaction against Transformational Generative Grammar A start of a new grammar theory though there is no fixed theory for it Other major contributors: Anderson (1971), (1977); Chafe (1970); Nilsen (1972), (1973); cook (1973); Mackenzie (1981) .etc. Case Grammar Charles Fillmore Fillmore (1968b:382) explicitly stated: “I believe that human languages are constrained in such a way that the relation between arguments and predicates fall into a small number of types. In particular I believe that these role types can be identified with certain elementary judgments about

• Ngôn ngữ học
• Introduction to linguistics
• Sign language
• Applied Linguistics
• Ngôn ngữ học
• Syntactic analysis
• Startificational grammar
• An Introduction to Applied Linguistics
• Ebook An Introduction to Applied Linguistics
• History Linguistics
• Applied linguists
• Language learning
• Professionalising of applied linguists
• Applied linguistics challenge
• Language use
• Generative linguistics
• Historical linguistics
• Traditional grammar
• Branches of linguistics
• Ferdinand de saussure
• The Prague School
• Relational grammar
• First language acquisition
• Bound morpheme
• Types of free morpheme
• Levels of language
• Types of morphemes
• Paradigmatic view
• Noun phrase
• Adjective phrase
• Syntactic processes
• Ultimate constituent analysis
• Generative grammar
• Sentential semantics
• Referential theory
• Lexical semantics
• Types of meanings
• Relevance theory
• Cooperation theory
• Argumentation theory
• Language origin
• Development of Language
• Distinct features of language
• Language development theories
• Language development
• Second language learning
• Learner Strategies
• Universal theory
• Brain areas involved in language
• Language disorders
• Sapir whorf hypothesis
• Language reflects society
• American sign language
• ASL Grammar
• Fingerspelled loan signs