tailieunhanh - Lecture Project management: The managerial process (5/e): Chapter 8 - Erik W. Larson, Clifford F. Gray

Chapter 8 - Scheduling resources and costs. For those who have diligently worked through the earlier planning processes chapters, you are nearly ready to launch your project. This chapter completes the final two planning tasks that become the master plan for your project - resource and cost scheduling. | Where We Are Now 8– The Resource Problem Resources and Priorities Project network times are not a schedule until resources have been assigned. The implicit assumption is that resources will be available in the required amounts when needed. Adding new projects requires making realistic judgments of resource availability and project durations. Cost estimates are not a budget until they have been time-phased. 8– The Resource Problem (cont’d) Resource Smoothing (or Leveling) Involves attempting to even out varying demands on resources by using slack (delaying noncritical activities) to manage resource utilization when resources are adequate over the life of the project. Resource-Constrained Scheduling The duration of a project may be increased by delaying the late start of some of its activities if resources are not adequate to meet peak demands. 8– Types of Project Constraints Technical or Logic Constraints Constraints related to the networked sequence in which project . | Where We Are Now 8– The Resource Problem Resources and Priorities Project network times are not a schedule until resources have been assigned. The implicit assumption is that resources will be available in the required amounts when needed. Adding new projects requires making realistic judgments of resource availability and project durations. Cost estimates are not a budget until they have been time-phased. 8– The Resource Problem (cont’d) Resource Smoothing (or Leveling) Involves attempting to even out varying demands on resources by using slack (delaying noncritical activities) to manage resource utilization when resources are adequate over the life of the project. Resource-Constrained Scheduling The duration of a project may be increased by delaying the late start of some of its activities if resources are not adequate to meet peak demands. 8– Types of Project Constraints Technical or Logic Constraints Constraints related to the networked sequence in which project activities must occur. Physical Constraints Activities that cannot occur in parallel or are affected by contractual or environmental conditions. Resource Constraints The absence, shortage, or unique interrelationship and interaction characteristics of resources that require a particular sequencing of project activities Kinds of Resource Constraints People, materials, equipment 8– Classification of A Scheduling Problem Classification of Problem Using a priority matrix will help determine if the project is time or resource constrained. Time-Constrained Project Must be completed by an imposed date. Time is fixed, resources are flexible: additional resources are required to ensure project meets schedule. Resource-Constrained Project Is one in which the level of resources available cannot be exceeded. Resources are fixed, time is flexible: inadequate resources will delay the project. 8– Resource Allocation Methods Limiting Assumptions Splitting activities is not allowed—once an .