tailieunhanh - Lecture Medical assisting: Administrative and clinical procedures with anatomy and physiology (4/e) – Chapter 29

Chapter 29 - The digestive system. After completing chapter 29, you will be able to: List the functions of the digestive system; trace the pathway of food through the alimentary canal; describe the structure and functions of the mouth, teeth, tongue, and salivary glands; describe the structure and function of the pharynx; describe the swallowing process;. | 29 The Digestive System 29- Learning Outcomes List the functions of the digestive system. Trace the pathway of food through the alimentary canal. Describe the structure and functions of the mouth, teeth, tongue, and salivary glands. Describe the structure and function of the pharynx. 29- Learning Outcomes (cont.) Describe the swallowing process. Describe the structure of the esophagus and tell how it propels food into the stomach. Describe the structure and functions of the stomach. List the substances secreted by the stomach and give their functions. 29- Learning Outcomes (cont.) Describe the structure and functions of the small intestine. List the substances secreted by the small intestine and describe the importance of each. Describe the structure and functions of the large intestine, including the anal canal and rectum. Explain the structures and functions of the liver, gallbladder, and . | 29 The Digestive System 29- Learning Outcomes List the functions of the digestive system. Trace the pathway of food through the alimentary canal. Describe the structure and functions of the mouth, teeth, tongue, and salivary glands. Describe the structure and function of the pharynx. 29- Learning Outcomes (cont.) Describe the swallowing process. Describe the structure of the esophagus and tell how it propels food into the stomach. Describe the structure and functions of the stomach. List the substances secreted by the stomach and give their functions. 29- Learning Outcomes (cont.) Describe the structure and functions of the small intestine. List the substances secreted by the small intestine and describe the importance of each. Describe the structure and functions of the large intestine, including the anal canal and rectum. Explain the structures and functions of the liver, gallbladder, and pancreas. 29- Learning Outcomes (cont.) List the substances released by the liver, gallbladder, and pancreas into the small intestine and give the function of each secretion. Tell what types of nutrients are absorbed by the digestive system and where they are absorbed. Describe the causes, signs and symptoms, and treatments of various diseases and disorders of the digestive system. 29- Introduction Digestion Mechanical and chemical breakdown of foods into forms that body cells can absorb The organs of the digestive system carry out digestion Two categories Alimentary canal organs Accessory organs 29- Alimentary Canal Wall of alimentary canal Mucosa Innermost layer; epithelial tissue Secretes enzymes and mucus into lumen Absorbs nutrients Submucosa Inferior to mucosa; loose connective tissue, blood vessels, glands, and nerves Blood vessels carry away absorbed nutrients Muscular layer Just outside submucosa; layers of smooth muscle Contracts to move .