tailieunhanh - Figure Drawing - Lion

Lion (feline) characteristics: Elongated skull. Proportion of skull varies—large in lion, jaguar, and tiger, small in cheetah and mountain lion. Large canines, small incisors. Cheek teeth with sharp edges for shearing. Large temporalis and masseter muscles of skull to powerfully close jaw. Eyes shifted slightly forward for binocular vision. Constricted pupil is round in large cats, vertical in domestic cats (pupil is horizontal in sheep and goats). Top edge of scapula usually higher than tips of thoracic vertebrae. Five digits on front limb (thumb reduced); four digits on hind limb (small vestigial big toe). Walks on toes. Sharp, curved,. | 142 LION ANATOMY ANATOMICAL DRAWINGS AFTER ELLENBERGER CROUCH SKULL FROM SPECIMEN Lion feline characteristics Elongated skull. Proportion of skull varies large in lion jaguar and tiger small in cheetah and mountain lion. Large canines small incisors. Cheek teeth with sharp edges for shearing. Large temporalis and masseter muscles of skull to powerfully close jaw. Eyes shifted slightly forward for binocular vision. Constricted pupil is round in large cats vertical in domestic cats pupil is horizontal in sheep and goats . Top edge of scapula usually higher than tips of thoracic vertebrae. Five digits on front limb thumb reduced four digits on hind limb small vestigial big toe . Walks on toes. Sharp curved retractile claws which keeps them sharp they don t walk on them . Forearm rotates pronates supinates . Hairy tail has bushy tip only in lion. Very flexible body. Can walk in crouched position as when stalking prey. AbDIL Abductor digit I longus AbDi5 Abductor digiti V Adduc Adductor Anc Anconeus Bicep Biceps brachii BiFem Biceps femoris Brach Brachialis Brcph Brachiocephalicus Brrad Brachioradialis Bucc Buccinator Canin Caninus Caudf Caudofemoralis Clmas Cleidomastoid DelAc Deltoid acromial portion DelSp Deltoid spinal portion Digas Digastric DLaMn Depressor labii mandibularis ECR Extensor carpi radialis ECRL Extensor carpi radialis longus ED1 2 Extensor digiti I II EDBr Extensor digitorum brevis EDC Extensor digitorum communis EDLat Extensor digitorum lateralis EDLon Extensor digitorum longus ExAbO External abdominal oblique FCR Flexor carpi radialis FCU Flexor carpi ulnaris FDBr Flexor digitorum brevis FDP Flexor digitorum profundus FDS Flexor digitorum superficialis FDS-UH Flexor digitorum superficialis ulnar head GasLa Gastrocnemius lateral head GasMe Gastrocnemius medial head GluMe Gluteus medius GluSu Gluteus superficialis Grac Gracilis llioc lliocostalis InAbO Internal abdominal oblique Infra Infraspinatus IntCa Intertransversarii caudae Inter Interossei LAOM