tailieunhanh - Real-time speckle and impulsive noise suppression in 3-D ultrasound imaging

Ultrasound imaging is considered one of the most powerful techniques for medical diagnosis and is often preferred over other medical imaging modalities because of noninvasive, portable, versatile and low-cost properties (Webb, 2002; Abd-Elmoniem, 2002; Porter, 2001; Shekhar, 2002). A fundamental problem in the field of ultrasound imaging is the speckle noise influence, which is a major limitation on image quality inultrasound imaging. | 5 Real-Time Speckle and Impulsive Noise Suppression in 3-D Ultrasound Imaging Francisco J. Gallegos-Funes Jose M. de-la-Rosa-Vazquez Alberto J. Rosales-Silva and Suren Stolik Isakina National Polytechnic Institute of Mexico Mexico 1. Introduction Ultrasound imaging is considered one of the most powerful techniques for medical diagnosis and is often preferred over other medical imaging modalities because of noninvasive portable versatile and low-cost properties Webb 2002 Abd-Elmoniem 2002 Porter 2001 Shekhar 2002 . A fundamental problem in the field of ultrasound imaging is the speckle noise influence which is a major limitation on image quality in ultrasound imaging. Imaging speckle is a phenomenon that occurs when a coherent source and a noncoherent detector are used to interrogate a medium which is rough on the scale of the wavelength. Speckle noise occurs especially in images of the liver and kidney whose underlying structures are too small to be resolved using long ultrasound wavelength. The presence of speckle noise affects the human interpretation of the images as well the accuracy of computer-assisted diagnostic techniques Nikolaidis 2000 Kim Park 2001 The goal of this chapter is the capability and real-time processing features of the robust MML Median M-type L filters to remove speckle and impulsive noise in 3-D ultrasound images Gallegos-Funes et al. 2008 Varela-Benitez et al. 2007 . The Texas Instruments DSP TMS320C6711 is used to implement the algorithms Texas Instruments 1998 Kehtarnavaz 2001 . Based on the processing time values of each a 3-D filter different configurations of sweeping cubes voxels are used to obtain a balance between the processing time and quality of the restoration of 3-D images Nikolaidis 2000 . The criteria used to measure the performance of filters are the peak signal-to-noise ratio PSNR to characterize the noise suppression and the mean absolute error MAE to evaluate the preservation of edges and fine details Bovik 2000 Astola .