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63 ESPRIT and Closed-Form2-D Angle Estimation with Planar Arrays

Estimating the directions of arrival (DOAs) of propagating planewaves is a requirement ina variety of applications including radar, mobile communications, sonar, and seismology. Due to its simplicity and high-resolution capability, | Martin Haardt et. Al. ESPRIT and Closed-Form 2-D Angle Estimation with Planar Arrays. 2000 CRC Press LLC. http www.engnetbase.com . ESPRIT and Closed-Form 2-D Angle Estimation with Planar Arrays Martin Haardt Siemens AG Mobile Radio Networks Michael D. Zoltowski Purdue University Cherian P. Mathews University of West Florida Javier Ramos Polytechnic University of Madrid 63.1 Introduction Notation 63.2 The Standard ESPRIT Algorithm 63.3 1-D Unitary ESPRIT 1- D Unitary ESPRIT in Element Space 1-D Unitary ESPRIT in DFT Beamspace 63.4 UCA-ESPRIT for Circular Ring Arrays Results of Computer Simulations 63.5 FCA-ESPRIT for Filled Circular Arrays Computer Simulation 63.6 2-D Unitary ESPRIT 2- D Array Geometry 2-D Unitary ESPRIT in Element Space Automatic Pairing of the 2-D Frequency Estimates 2-D Unitary ESPRIT in DFT Beamspace Simulation Results References 63.1 Introduction Estimating the directions of arrival DOAs of propagating plane waves is a requirement in a variety of applications including radar mobile communications sonar and seismology. Due to its simplicity and high-resolution capability ESPRIT Estimation of Signal Parameters via Rotational Invariance Techniques 18 has become one of the most popular signal subspace-based DOA or spatial frequency estimation schemes. ESPRIT is explicitly premised on a point source model for the sources and is restricted to use with array geometries that exhibit so-called invariances 18 . However this requirement is not very restrictive as many of the common array geometries used in practice exhibit these invariances or their output may be transformed to effect these invariances. ESPRIT may be viewed as a complement to the MUSIC algorithm the forerunner of all signal subspace-based DOA methods in that it is based on properties of the signal eigenvectors whereas MUSIC is based on properties of the noise eigenvectors. This chapter concentrates solely on the use of ESPRIT to estimate the DOAs of plane waves incident upon an antenna .