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Báo cáo khoa học: "INTEGRATING SEMANTICS KNO FLEXIBLE SYNTAX BY EXPLOITING ISONORPHISM BETWEEN GRAIElATICAL AND SEMANTICAL RELATIONS"

If we want to avoid the use of a full male grammar, the syntactic processes necessary to support the semantic module must be implemented by special dedicated procedures. This paper describe the .solutions used in a semantic analyser of French called SABA, developed at the Computer Sciences department of University of Liege, Belgium. | T INTEGRATING SEMANTICS AND FLEXIBLE SYNTAX BY EXPLOITING ISOMORPHISM BETWEEN GRAMMATICAL AND SEMANTICAL RELATIONS Morena Danieli Franco Ferrara Roberto Geaello Claudio Rullent CSELT - Centro studi e Laboratory Telecoaunicazioni -Via G.Reiss Roaoli 274 10148 Torino ITALY . ABSTRACT This work concerns integration between syntax and semantics. Syntactic and semantic activities rely on separate bodies of knowledges. Integration is obtained by exploiting the isomorphism between grammatical relations among immediate constitu- ents and conceptual relations thanks to a limited set of formal mapping rules. Syntactic analysis does not construct all the explicit parse trees but just a graph that represents all the plausible grammatical relations among immediate constituents. Such graph gives the semantic interpreter based on Conceptual Graphs formalism the discriminative power required to establish conceptual relations. 1. INTRODUCTION In the field of automatic natural language understanding the problem of connecting syntax and semantics has been faced in three different ways. Some authors are persuaded that understanding natural language requires no use of syntactic knowledge. They claim that semantic representation can be built directly from the surface string without the help of almost any syntactic source 1 . Other authors proposed highly syntactic systems starting from the idea that the representation of the syntactic structure is preliminary to the understanding process 2 . While the work of this second group of researchers was concerned mainly with the understanding of individual sentences the work of the partisans of semantics was about the understanding of whole texts. This shifting of attention substained the idea that syntax and semantics should be used in an integrated way. Most researchers have thought that semantics and syntax should be integrated with respect to both the representation and the processing 3 others have claimed that it is more efficient to build