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Gerard J. Tortora-Principles of Anatomy and Physiology 14th Edition- 2

(BQ) Part 2 book "Principles of anatomy and physiology" presents the following contents: The brain and cranial nerves, the autonomic nervous system, the special senses, the endocrine system, the lymphatic system and immunity, the respiratory system, the digestive system, metabolism and nutrition, the urinary system, the reproductive systems,. | Ế . The Brain and Cranial Nerves The brain cranial nerves and homeostasis Your brain contributes to homeostasis by receiving sensory input integrating new and stored information making decisions and executing responses through motor activities. Solving an equation feeling hungry laughing the neural processes needed for each of these activities occur in different regions of the brain that portion of the central nervous system contained within the cranium. About 85 billion neurons and 10 trillion to 50 trillion neuroglia make up the brain which has a mass of about 1300 g almost 3 lb in adults. On average each neuron forms 1000 synapses with other neurons. Thus the total number of synapses about a thousand trillion or 1015 is larger than the number of stars in our galaxy. The brain is the control center for registering sensations correlating them with one another and with stored information making decisions and taking actions. It also is the center for the intellect emotions behavior and emory. But the brain encompasses yet a larger domain It directs o our behavior toward others. With ideas that excite artistry that dazzles or rhetoric that mesmerizes one person s thoughts nd actions may influence and shape the lives of many others. As you will see shortly different regions of the brain are specialized for different functions. Different parts of the brain also work together to accomplish certain shared functions. This V chapter explores how the brain is protected and nourished what J functions occur in the major regions of the brain and how the spinal cord and the 12 pairs of cranial nerves connect with the Jr brain to form the control center of the human body. Did you ever wonder how cerebrovascular accidents strokes occur and how they are treated 473 474 CHAPTER 14 THE BRAIN AND CRANIAL NERVES 14.1 Brain Organization Protection and Blood Supply OBJECTIVES Identify the major parts of the brain. Describe how the brain is protected. Describe the blood supply of the .