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Parasite Management for Natural and Organic Poultry: Coccidiosis

Intensive farming is creating highly virulent avian ‘flu strains. When we factor in the frequent flow of goods within and between countries, the potential for disease spread is high. Compassion in World Farming believes that current and proposed H5N1 control measures are not based on the best available evidence, and is calling for an enquiry into the role of the global, intensive poultry industry in the spread of highly pathogenic avian influenza. Whilst not denying that wild birds, backyard and free range farms naturally play a role in the spread of the current epidemic, continuing to focus. | Parasite Management for Natural I _ . Ĩ . I. . ATTRA and Organic Poultry Coccidiosis A Publication of ATTRA - National Sustainable Agriculture Information Service 1-800-346-9140 www.attra.ncat.org By Anne Fanatico NCAT Agriculture Specialist 2006 NCAT Both small and large poultry producers are interested in the sustainable management of the parasitic disease coccidiosis. This publication provides information on its life cycle transmission in free-range production management in the brooder and on pasture natural treatments drugs and vaccines. On a small scale coccidiosis can be handled without medication by careful management especially during brooding and adequate pasture rotation however on a larger scale it is more difficult and vaccines are an important alternative to drugs in organic production. References and further information follow the narrative. Contents Introduction.1 Life Cycle and Types of Coccidia.2 Transmission in the Environment.2 Symptoms and Diagnosis.4 Management for Control.5 Natural Treatments.7 Drugs.8 Vaccines.9 Summary.10 References.11 As the size of outdoor flocks increases more attention is needed for coccidiosis control. Coccidia are parasites that damage the gut of poultry. Photo by Joe Beasley DVM PhD. ATTRA National Sustainable Agriculture Information Service is managed by the National Center for Appropriate Technology NCAT and is funded under a grant from the United States Department of Agriculture s Rural Business-Cooperative Service. Visit the NCAT Web site www.ncat.org agri. html for more information on our sustainable agriculture projects. NCAT Introduction_______________________ In the past coccidiosis was one of the diseases most feared by commercial poultry growers in the U.S. Death losses of 20 percent or more were common. Backyard growers are usually so small that coccidio-sis is not a problem but as the size of free-range flocks increases coccidiosis becomes a threat. Small producers in the U.S. raise birds with outdoor .