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Extractive Metallurgy of Copper 4th ed. W. Davenport et. al. (2002) Episode 8

Tham khảo tài liệu 'extractive metallurgy of copper 4th ed. w. davenport et. al. (2002) episode 8', kỹ thuật - công nghệ, cơ khí - chế tạo máy phục vụ nhu cầu học tập, nghiên cứu và làm việc hiệu quả | Fire Refining and Casting of Anodes 257 b Details of dam blocks Fig. 15.3. Hazelett twin-belt casting machine for continuously casting copper anode strip Regan and Schwarze 1999 . Reprinted by permission of TMS Warrendale PA. The anode strip is 2 to 4.5 cm thick and about 1 m wide. The most recent method of cutting the strip into anodes is shown in Fig. 15.4. 258 Extractive Metallurgy of Copper Table 15.3. Details of Hazelett continuous anode casting plants at Gresik Indonesia and Onahama Japan 2001. The Gresik support lugs are -half thickness. Smelter PT Smelting Co. Gresik Indonesia Onahama Smelting Refining Japan Startup data 1998 1972 Anode production tonnes year 257 000 160 000 Casting machine size m length between molten copper 3.81 2.3 entrance and solid copper exit band width total 1.65 1.24 width of cast copper strip 0.93 1.07 between edge dams length of lug 0.18 0.175 thickness of cast strip 0.045 0.0158 thickness of lug 0.027 0.0158 Band details material ASTM A607 low carbon Grade 45 steel cold rolled steel life tonnes of cast copper 1200 600 lubrication silicone oil silicone fluid Edge block details material hardened bronze high chromium stainless steel life years -3 years -0.5 years for anode lug blocks -5 years Method of controlling copper level electromagnetic manual at caster entrance level indicator Temperatures C molten copper 1120-1150 1120 cast anode leaving caster 880-930 800 Casting details casting rate tonnes hour 100 50 caster use hours day 9 6 Method of cutting anodes from strip hydraulic shear blanking press Anode details mass kg 370 143 acceptable deviation 7 kg 3 kg acceptable anodes 97 97 Fire Refining and Casting of Anodes 259 Electrolyte level Contilanod anode Electrorefining cell Fig. 15.4. Sketch of system for shearing anodes from Hazelett-cast copper strip Regan and Schwarze 1999 Hazelett 2002 . Suspension of an anode in an electrolytic cell is also shown. 5.5. Contilanod vs mold-on-wheel anode production The casting part of .