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Modern Grammars of Case anderson phần 4

Tham khảo tài liệu 'modern grammars of case anderson phần 4', ngoại ngữ, ngữ pháp tiếng anh phục vụ nhu cầu học tập, nghiên cứu và làm việc hiệu quả | 124 Modern Grammars of Case Our accusative case is probably so named through a mistranslation by Varro its Greek name aÌTLữTLKTi ktúơl Ỵ means appropriately enough the case of that which is acted on or the object case but Varro seems to have taken the Greek word as derived from aÌTLáo at. to accuse and so passed on to us the misnomer casus accusativus . If this is just cf. Lersch 1838-41 pt. 2 186 then the Greek label is indeed appropriate as a characterization of the narrow absolutive goal form 17a though Robins s appeal to the unsatisfactory term object is unnecessary and indeed unhelpful. In some language systems an even narrower specification than given in 13 is appropriate the accusative marks only a absolutive goal whose subject is Agentive. Thus both the Experiencer src loc or erg loc subject and the non-subject absolutive are nominative in the Japanese sentence of 14a whereas the non-subject absolutive in 14b with an agentive subject is accusative Shibatani 1982 105 14 a. Taroo-ga Hanoko-ga sukida Taroo-NOM Hanako-NOM likes b. Taroo-ga hono-o yonda Taroo-NOM book-ACC reads We seem to have to recognize a narrow absolutive-goal accusative associated with the presence of an agentive subject. We might relate this to the nonoperation of 12b if the source ergative is accompanied by locative is an Experiencer . The nominative in 14a marks both the subject and the nongoal absolutive both in some sense neutralized. In some other languages we find a variant of this that involves nominativemarking of a non-subject absolutive if the Experiencer erg loc subject is marked as dative despite behaving syntactically at least in some respects like a subject. In this case accusative marking seems to be dependent on nominative marking of the subject i.e. morphological marking of subjecthood as well as manifestation of such a syntactic status. But this again can be related to failure of 12b with Experiencers. Thus the dative-marked subject of the Icelandic sentence in 15a has .