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Báo cáo y học: " Is there a feudal hierarchy amongst regulatory immune cells? More than just Tregs"

Tuyển tập các báo cáo nghiên cứu về y học được đăng trên tạp chí y học General Psychiatry cung cấp cho các bạn kiến thức về ngành y đề tài: Is there a feudal hierarchy amongst regulatory immune cells? More than just Tregs | Available online http arthritis-research.eom content 11 4 237 Review Is there a feudal hierarchy amongst regulatory immune cells More than just Tregs Claudia Mauri and Natalie Carter Centre for Rheumatology Research University College London Department of Medicine Cleveland Street W1 4JF UK Corresponding author Claudia Mauri c.mauri@ucl.ac.uk Published 4 August July 2009 This article is online at http arthritis-research.com content 11 4 237 2009 BioMed Central Ltd Arthritis Research Therapy 2009 11 237 doi 10.1186 ar2752 Abstract Nature has provided the developing immune system with several checkpoints important for the maintenance of tolerance and the prevention of autoimmunity. The regulatory mechanisms operating in the periphery of the system are mediated by subsets of regulatory cells now considered principal contributors to peripheral tolerance. Regulatory T cells Tregs have received titanic interest in the past decade placing them at the centre of immunosuppressive reactions. However it has become clearer that other immune suppressive cells inhibit auto-reactivity as effectively as Tregs. The function of Tregs and other regulatory cells in rheumatoid arthritis will be discussed in this review. Introduction Rheumatoid arthritis RA is an autoimmune disorder characterized by chronic systemic and synovial tissue inflammation that if not therapeutically tackled ultimately leads to bone and cartilage destruction. Like other autoimmune diseases RA results from a cascade of reactions beginning with the breakdown of tolerance and leading to dysregulated chronic inflammation in one or multiple organs 1 . During synovial inflammation critical events include neoangiogenesis cellular hyperplasia and a massive influx of inflammatory cells such as T cells B cells fibroblast-like synoviocytes macrophages and dendritic cells DCs . Cellular infiltration and subsequent cellular proliferation is largely orchestrated by a complex interplay of pro-inflammatory cytokines chemokines