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Preventing and Controlling Oral and Pharyngeal Cancer

Spirituality. Finally, spirituality may be another important variable in a cancer patient’s experience. Spirituality may buffer against the negative effects of life stressors. It has been demonstrated that spirituality can enhance physical and psychological well-being (Oxman, Freeman, & Manheimer, 1995), and predicts various health outcomes (Levin, 1994). In fact, Levin (1994) reviews more than 250 published empirical studies on the largely beneficial health effects of religious or spiritual practice. Because women with breast cancer face many stressors, it appears important to address their spiritual as well their cognitive, behavioral, and emotional needs in an attempt to buffer against the effects of stress | CPC CENTERS FOR DISEASE CONTROL AND PREVENTION August 28 1998 Vol. 47 No. RR-14 MNMR Recommendations and Reports MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT Preventing and Controlling Oral and Pharyngeal Cancer Recommendations from a National Strategic Planning Conference U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES Centers for Disease Control and Prevention CDC Atlanta Georgia 30333 SERVICES The MMWR series of publications is published by the Epidemiology Program Office Centers for Disease Control and Prevention CDC U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Atlanta GA 30333. SUGGESTED CITATION Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Preventing and controlling oral and pharyngeal cancer. Recommendations from a national strategic planning conference. MMWR 1998 47 No. RR-14 inclusive page numbers . Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.Claire V. Broome M.D. Acting Director The material in this report was prepared for publication by National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and H ealth P romotion.James S. Marks M.D. M.P.H. Director Division of Oral Health.William R. Maas D.D.S. M.P.H. Director The production of this report as an MMWR serial publication was coordinated in Epidemiology Program Office.Barbara R. Holloway M.P.H. Acting Director Office of Scientific and Health Communications.John W. Ward M.D. Director Editor MMWR Series Recommendations and Reports.Suzanne M. Hewitt M.P.A. Managing Editor Elizabeth L. Hess Project Editor Peter M. Jenkins Visual Information Specialist Use of trade names and commercial sources is for identification only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Copies can be purchased from Superintendent of Documents U.S. Government Printing Office Washington DC 20402-9325. Telephone 202 512-1800. Vol. 47 I No. RR-14 MMWR i Contents Introduction.2 Oral and Pharyngeal Cancer.2 Oral Cancer Strategic Planning Conference.3 Oral Cancer Working Group.10 .