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Tham khảo tài liệu 'kĩ năng viết trong các bài test 3', ngoại ngữ, anh ngữ phổ thông phục vụ nhu cầu học tập, nghiên cứu và làm việc hiệu quả | ECONOMICS Measuring Economic Growth Economists use different data to study the health of the economy. They look at stock market trading the cost of living unemployment rates and the gross domestic product GDP . The GDP measures the total value of goods and services produced within the United States over the course of a year. The gross national product GNP takes into account both the GDP and foreign investments. If the GNP decreases for two consecutive quarters during a year the economy is considered to be in recession. Consumer Price Index All Urban Consumers 1990-2004 Source U.S. Department of Labor Bureau of Labor Statistics. The Consumer Price Index CPI measures changes in the cost of living. To calculate the CPI the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics tracks changes in prices in common goods and services food clothing rent fuel and others each year. The graph shows the CPI in all U.S. cities between 1990 and 2001. To make comparisons between years the graph uses the years 1982-1984 as a base period 1982-1984 100 . For instance if the average urban consumer spent 100 on living expenses in 1982-1984 he or she spent more than 150 on the same expenses in 1995. Exercise 9 Using the graph and passage about the consumer price index answer the following questions. The answers are on page 169. 1. How much would an urban consumer expect to pay in 2001 for an item that costs 50 in 1982-1984 a. 88 b. 100 c. 176 d. 43 e. 131 2. What conclusion can you make based on the graph a. The CPI tracks price changes for common household expenses. b. The cost of living has decreased in recent years. c. The rate of increase in the cost of living slowed between 1999 and 2000. d. If the cost of living continues to rise people will move out of the cities. e. The cost of living for city residents steadily increased between 1990 and 2001. 150 CHAPTER 17 Geography IN THE geography section of the GED you will be asked to answer questions relating to both physical geography the features of the .