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Handbook of Applied Cryptography - chap11

This chapter considers techniques designed to provide the digital counterpart to a handwritten signature. Adigital signature of amessage is a number dependent on some secret known only to the signer, and, additionally, on the content of the message being signed. Signatures must be verifiable; if a dispute arises as to whether a party signed a document (caused by either a lying signer trying to repudiate a signature it did create, or a fraudulent claimant), an unbiased third party should be able to resolve thematter equitably, without requiring access to the signer’s secret information (private key) | This is a Chapter from the Handbook of Applied Cryptography by A. Menezes P. van Oorschot and S. Vanstone CRC Press 1996. For further information see www.cacr.math.uwaterloo.ca hac CRC Press has granted the following specihc permissions for the electronic version of this book Permission is granted to retrieve print and store a single copy of this chapter for personal use. This permission does not extend to binding multiple chapters of the book photocopying or producing copies for other than personal use of the person creating the copy or making electronic copies available for retrieval by others without prior permission in writing from CRC Press. Except where over-ridden by the specihc permission above the standard copyright notice from CRC Press applies to this electronic version Neither this book nor any part may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means electronic or mechanical including photocopying microhlming and recording or by any information storage or retrieval system without prior permission in writing from the publisher. The consent of CRC Press does not extend to copying for general distribution for promotion for creating new works or for resale. Specihc permission must be obtained in writing from CRC Press for such copying. @1997 by CRC Press Inc. Chapter Digital Signatures Contents in Brief 11.1 Introduction.425 11.2 A framework for digital signature mechanisms .426 11.3 RSA and related signature schemes.433 11.4 Fiat-Shamir signature schemes.447 11.5 The DSA and related signature schemes.451 11.6 One-time digital signatures.462 11.7 Other signature schemes.471 11.8 Signatures with additional functionality.474 11.9 Notes and further references.481 11.1 Introduction This chapter considers techniques designed to provide the digital counterpart to a handwritten signature. A digital signature of a message is a number dependent on some secret known only to the signer and additionally on the content of the message being signed. Signatures .