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Chapter 129. Staphylococcal Infections (Part 6)

Skin and Soft Tissue Infections S. aureus causes a variety of cutaneous infections. Common predisposing factors include skin disease, skin damage (e.g., insect bites, minor trauma), injections (e.g., in diabetes, injection drug use), and poor personal hygiene. These infections are characterized by the formation of pus-containing blisters, which often begin in hair follicles and spread to adjoining tissues. Folliculitis is a superficial infection that involves the hair follicle, with a central area of purulence (pus) surrounded by induration and erythema. Furuncles (boils) are more extensive, painful lesions that tend to occur in hairy, moist regions of the body and extend. | Chapter 129. Staphylococcal Infections Part 6 Skin and Soft Tissue Infections S. aureus causes a variety of cutaneous infections. Common predisposing factors include skin disease skin damage e.g. insect bites minor trauma injections e.g. in diabetes injection drug use and poor personal hygiene. These infections are characterized by the formation of pus-containing blisters which often begin in hair follicles and spread to adjoining tissues. Folliculitis is a superficial infection that involves the hair follicle with a central area of purulence pus surrounded by induration and erythema. Furuncles boils are more extensive painful lesions that tend to occur in hairy moist regions of the body and extend from the hair follicle to become a true abscess with an area of central purulence. Carbuncles are most often located in the lower neck and are even more severe and painful resulting from the coalescence of other lesions that extend to a deeper layer of the subcutaneous tissue. In general furuncles and carbuncles are readily apparent with pus often expressible or discharging from the abscess. Mastitis develops in 1-3 of nursing mothers. The infection which generally presents within 2-3 weeks after delivery is characterized by findings that range from cellulitis to abscess formation. Systemic signs such as fever and chills are often present in more severe cases. Other cutaneous S. aureus infections include impetigo cellulitis and hidradenitis suppurativa recurrent follicular infections in regions such as the axilla . S. aureus is one of the most common causes of surgical wound infection. It should be noted that many of these syndromes may also be due to group A streptococci or less commonly to other streptococcal species. Musculoskeletal Infections S. aureus is among the most common causes of bone infections both those resulting from hematogenous dissemination and those arising from contiguous spread from a soft tissue site. Hematogenous osteomyelitis in children most .