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Effects of the Coronavirus (COVID-19) Pandemic on Social Behaviours: From a Social Dilemma Perspective

This perspective paper adopts the social dilemma theory and microeconomics concepts to analyse and explain the effects of COVID-19 on social behavioural reactions. | Effects of the Coronavirus COVID-19 Pandemic on Social Behaviours From a Social Dilemma Perspective Vol. 7 2020 A new decade for social changes ISSN 2668-7798 www.techniumscience.com 9 772668 779000 Technium Social Sciences Journal Vol. 7 312-320 May 2020 ISSN 2668-7798 www.techniumscience.com Effects of the Coronavirus COVID-19 Pandemic on Social Behaviours From a Social Dilemma Perspective Gabriel Hoh Teck Ling Senior Lecturer PhD Department of Urban and Regional Planning Faculty of Built Environment and Surveying Universiti Teknologi Malaysia gabriel.ling@utm.my Christina Mee Chyong Ho Independent researcher christinaho88@yahoo.com Abstract. The health crisis of the COVID-19 outbreak has global impacts on humanity and the economy. Such pandemic effects also influence human behaviour issues of panic buying overbuying and noncompliance with government orders and law among individuals are evident. However the underlying understanding of such behaviours due to the pandemic remains unclear. Therefore this perspective paper adopts the social dilemma theory and microeconomics concepts to analyse and explain the effects of COVID-19 on social behavioural reactions. It attempts to address the questions of what and why are the behaviours of individuals shown during the coronavirus pandemic and showcase how the theory is associated with the current social phenomena. Real scenarios based on media reporting from the sociodemographic context of Malaysia concerning the following issues i competition over daily essentials ii self-honesty of individuals and iii adherence to government policies and measures enforcement governance were discussed. A conceptual framework was developed to illustrate interrelationships between social dilemma concepts and the phenomena. In essence due to fear uncertainty and greed self-interest and opportunistic defective unethical behaviours of most individuals prevailing over societal collective interest amid the pandemic have been prevalently .