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Lecture The dynamics of mass communication: Media in the digital age - Chapter 4

Chapter 4 - Newspapers. In this chapter we will discuss: History, newspapers in the digital age, defining features of newspapers, organization of the newspaper industry, newspaper ownership, producing the print and online newspaper, economics, feedback. | Newspapers Chapter 4 © 2009, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. CHAPTER OUTLINE History Newspapers in the Digital Age Defining Features of Newspapers Organization of the Newspaper Industry Newspaper Ownership Producing the Print and Online Newspaper Economics Feedback HISTORY Newspapers have had a long history in the US Journalism in Early America General features of colonial newspapers Few newspapers existed Publishers were printers and postmasters News was not very timely “Free press” concept not supported Noteworthy colonial newspapers Publick Occurrences both Foreign and Domestick Boston News Letter New England Courant Pennsylvania Gazette The Beginnings of Revolution Tension between Colonies and Britain Truth as libel defense (John Peter Zenger trial) Political or Partisan press Newspapers openly support party, faction, cause Held role in Revolutionary War The Political Press: 1790-1833 First Amendment, 1971, guarantees press freedom . | Newspapers Chapter 4 © 2009, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. CHAPTER OUTLINE History Newspapers in the Digital Age Defining Features of Newspapers Organization of the Newspaper Industry Newspaper Ownership Producing the Print and Online Newspaper Economics Feedback HISTORY Newspapers have had a long history in the US Journalism in Early America General features of colonial newspapers Few newspapers existed Publishers were printers and postmasters News was not very timely “Free press” concept not supported Noteworthy colonial newspapers Publick Occurrences both Foreign and Domestick Boston News Letter New England Courant Pennsylvania Gazette The Beginnings of Revolution Tension between Colonies and Britain Truth as libel defense (John Peter Zenger trial) Political or Partisan press Newspapers openly support party, faction, cause Held role in Revolutionary War The Political Press: 1790-1833 First Amendment, 1971, guarantees press freedom Papers grew rapidly, read mostly by wealthy Anne Royall: first important female political journalist Freedom’s Journal: first Black newspaper Cherokee Phoenix and Cherokee Advocate: written in Cherokee and English Birth of the Mass Newspaper Prerequisites for mass press Fast, cost-effective printing presses Critical mass of literate people Mass audience The Penny Press In contrast, other newspapers cost 6 cents Examples New York Sun, New York Herald New York Tribune, New York Times The Penny Press changed Basis of newspaper economic support Distribution pattern Definition of news How news was collected Newspapers Become Big Business Civil War and development of telegraph changed how stories were written Lead Inverted pyramid Huge growth in US population, and newspaper readership Key players in the newspaper industry Joseph Pulitzer E.W. Scripps William Randolph Hearst Yellow Journalism Yellow journalism: increased use of sex, murder, self-promotion, and human interest .